{"id":93,"date":"2026-06-13T19:05:48","date_gmt":"2026-06-13T11:05:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=93"},"modified":"2026-06-13T19:05:48","modified_gmt":"2026-06-13T11:05:48","slug":"python3-%e9%9b%86%e5%90%88-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2026\/06\/13\/python3-%e9%9b%86%e5%90%88-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Python3 \u96c6\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 Python 3 \u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u96c6\u5408\uff08Set\uff09<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6781\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u5f81\u662f\uff1a<strong>\u65e0\u5e8f\u3001\u5143\u7d20\u552f\u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u5217\u8868\uff08List\uff09\u662f\u7528\u6765\u201c\u5b58\u50a8\u987a\u5e8f\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\uff08Dict\uff09\u662f\u7528\u6765\u201c\u5efa\u7acb\u6620\u5c04\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u96c6\u5408\uff08Set\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6765 <strong>\u201c\u53bb\u91cd\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u627e\u201d<\/strong> \u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u4ece<strong>\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u9ad8\u9891\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\u5230<strong>\u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f60\u5168\u9762\u89e3\u6790 Python 3 \u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001 \u521b\u5efa\u96c6\u5408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u521b\u5efa\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u6781\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9677\u9631<\/strong>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># 1. \u4f7f\u7528\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7 {} (\u6700\u5e38\u7528)\nfruits = {&quot;apple&quot;, &quot;banana&quot;, &quot;cherry&quot;}\nprint(type(fruits))  # &lt;class &#039;set&#039;&gt;\n\n# 2. \u4f7f\u7528 set() \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 (\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u96c6\u5408)\nnumbers = set([1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3])\nprint(numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {1, 2, 3} (\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb\u91cd)\n\n# \u26a0\ufe0f \u81f4\u547d\u9677\u9631\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u96c6\u5408\uff1f\nempty_dict = {}          # \u274c \u8fd9\u662f\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178 (dict)\nempty_set = set()        # \u2705 \u8fd9\u624d\u662f\u7a7a\u96c6\u5408 (set)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001 \u57fa\u672c\u589e\u5220\u6539\u67e5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7531\u4e8e\u96c6\u5408\u662f\u65e0\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u5b83<strong>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong>\uff08\u5982 <code>my_set[0]<\/code> \u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5207\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">my_set = {&quot;apple&quot;, &quot;banana&quot;}\n\n# 1. \u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\nmy_set.add(&quot;cherry&quot;)          # \u6dfb\u52a0\u5355\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nmy_set.update([&quot;orange&quot;, &quot;grape&quot;]) # \u6279\u91cf\u6dfb\u52a0\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 (\u53ef\u4f20\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61)\n\n# 2. \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nmy_set.remove(&quot;banana&quot;)       # \u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa KeyError\nmy_set.discard(&quot;watermelon&quot;)  # \u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728**\u4e0d\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519** (\u63a8\u8350)\npopped_item = my_set.pop()    # \u968f\u673a\u5220\u9664\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 (\u56e0\u4e3a\u96c6\u5408\u65e0\u5e8f)\n\n# 3. \u6e05\u7a7a\u96c6\u5408\nmy_set.clear()<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001 \u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a\u6570\u5b66\u96c6\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97 \ud83c\udf1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f Set \u6700\u8ff7\u4eba\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002Python \u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08\u6216\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u6765\u6267\u884c\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u96c6\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4e14<strong>\u6027\u80fd\u6781\u9ad8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><span>18<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">set_a = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}\nset_b = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}\n\n# 1. \u4ea4\u96c6 (Intersection)\uff1a\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u6709\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nprint(set_a &amp; set_b)          # \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26: {4, 5}\nprint(set_a.intersection(set_b)) # \u65b9\u6cd5\n\n# 2. \u5e76\u96c6 (Union)\uff1a\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb\u91cd\uff09\nprint(set_a | set_b)          # \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}\nprint(set_a.union(set_b))\n\n# 3. \u5dee\u96c6 (Difference)\uff1a\u5728 A \u4e2d\u4f46\u4e0d\u5728 B \u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nprint(set_a - set_b)          # \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26: {1, 2, 3}\nprint(set_a.difference(set_b))\n\n# 4. \u5bf9\u79f0\u5dee\u96c6 (Symmetric Difference)\uff1a\u53ea\u5728 A \u6216\u53ea\u5728 B \u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20 (\u975e\u4ea4\u96c6\u90e8\u5206)\nprint(set_a ^ set_b)          # \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26: {1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8}\nprint(set_a.symmetric_difference(set_b))<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\ud83d\udca1 \u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08<code>&amp;<\/code>, <code>|<\/code>, <code>-<\/code>, <code>^<\/code>\uff09\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u4e4b\u95f4\uff1b\u800c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08<code>.intersection()<\/code> \u7b49\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u5217\u8868\uff09\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001 \u9ad8\u9891\u5b9e\u6218\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u573a\u666f 1\uff1a\u6781\u901f\u53bb\u91cd (Deduplication)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f Set \u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3002\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u96c6\u5408\u518d\u8f6c\u56de\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u53bb\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">raw_data = [1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5]\nunique_data = list(set(raw_data))\nprint(unique_data)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] (\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u987a\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u26a0\ufe0f <strong>\u8fdb\u9636\u6280\u5de7<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u53bb\u91cd\u540e<strong>\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u6301\u539f\u6709\u987a\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u7528 Set\uff0c\u8bf7\u7528\u5b57\u5178\uff08Python 3.7+ \u5b57\u5178\u4fdd\u6301\u63d2\u5165\u987a\u5e8f\uff09\uff1a<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">unique_ordered = list(dict.fromkeys(raw_data))<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u573a\u666f 2\uff1aO(1) \u6781\u901f\u6210\u5458\u68c0\u67e5 (Membership Testing)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c<strong>\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u8981\u7528 List\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u7528 Set<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># \u5047\u8bbe\u6709 100 \u4e07\u4e2a\u7528\u6237 ID\nvalid_ids_list = [1001, 1002, ..., 999999] # \u67e5\u627e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6: O(n)\nvalid_ids_set = set(valid_ids_list)        # \u67e5\u627e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6: O(1)\n\nuser_id = 500000\n\n# \u274c \u6162\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\nif user_id in valid_ids_list: \n    pass\n\n# \u2705 \u5feb\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u77ac\u95f4\u5b8c\u6210\nif user_id in valid_ids_set:\n    pass<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u573a\u666f 3\uff1a\u96c6\u5408\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f (Set Comprehension)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0e\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u662f\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># \u83b7\u53d6 0-9 \u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5076\u6570\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb\u91cd\nsquares = {x**2 for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 0}\nprint(squares)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {0, 16, 64, 36, 4} (\u65e0\u5e8f)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001 \u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u96c6\u5408\uff1a<code>frozenset<\/code><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u666e\u901a\u7684 <code>set<\/code> \u662f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff08Mutable\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83<strong>\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e (Key)<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e5f<strong>\u4e0d\u80fd\u653e\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>frozenset<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># \u521b\u5efa\u51bb\u7ed3\u96c6\u5408\nfrozen = frozenset([1, 2, 3])\n\n# frozen.add(4)  # \u274c AttributeError: &#039;frozenset&#039; object has no attribute &#039;add&#039;\n\n# \u2705 \u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f 1\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\npermissions = {\n    frozenset([&quot;read&quot;, &quot;write&quot;]): &quot;Editor&quot;,\n    frozenset([&quot;read&quot;]): &quot;Viewer&quot;\n}\nprint(permissions[frozenset([&quot;read&quot;])])  # \u8f93\u51fa: Viewer\n\n# \u2705 \u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f 2\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5143\u7d20 (\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u96c6\u5408)\nset_of_sets = {frozenset([1, 2]), frozenset([3, 4])}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516d\u3001 \u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u201c\u53ef\u54c8\u5e0c\u7684\u201d (Hashable)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u4e3a\u96c6\u5408\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u653e\u5165\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff08\u5982\u6574\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\uff09\u3002<strong>\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u666e\u901a\u96c6\u5408\u653e\u5165\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># \u274c TypeError: unhashable type: &#039;list&#039;\nmy_set = {1, 2, [3, 4]} \n\n# \u2705 \u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5\uff1a\u5c06\u5185\u90e8\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u4e3a\u5143\u7ec4\nmy_set = {1, 2, (3, 4)}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4\u603b\u7ed3 (\u4f55\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u9700\u6c42<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u63a8\u8350\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u539f\u56e0<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>list<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u6709\u5e8f\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u7d22\u5f15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u9700\u8981\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6620\u5c04<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>dict<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5feb\u901f\u901a\u8fc7 Key \u67e5\u627e Value<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u201c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u201d (in)<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong><code>set<\/code><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\uff0cO(1) \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u91cd\u6216\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\/\u5e76\/\u5dee\u96c6\u8fd0\u7b97<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong><code>set<\/code><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u5185\u7f6e\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u6781\u7b80\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Python \u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff08Set\uff09\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u53bb\u91cd\u5de5\u5177\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5904\u7406<strong>\u552f\u4e00\u6027<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97<\/strong>\u7684\u5229\u5668\u3002\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e24\u4e2a\u9ec4\u91d1\u6cd5\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u9700\u8981<strong>\u6781\u901f\u67e5\u627e<\/strong> (<code>in<\/code>) \u65f6\uff0c\u628a\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6210\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9700\u8981<strong>\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u6216\u5dee\u5f02<\/strong>\u65f6\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u72b9\u8c6b\u5730\u4f7f\u7528 <code>&amp;<\/code>, <code>|<\/code>, <code>-<\/code>, <code>^<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u76ee\u524d\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u53bb\u91cd\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6bd4\u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\uff1f\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u4f60\u7528 Set \u5199\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728 Python 3 \u4e2d\uff0c\u96c6\u5408\uff08Set\uff09 \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6781&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-93","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python-3-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":94,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93\/revisions\/94"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=93"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=93"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}