{"id":926,"date":"2025-12-24T10:56:36","date_gmt":"2025-12-24T02:56:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=926"},"modified":"2025-12-24T10:56:36","modified_gmt":"2025-12-24T02:56:36","slug":"selenium%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2025\/12\/24\/selenium%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86\/","title":{"rendered":"Selenium\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u6765\u7ed9\u4f60\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790 <strong>Selenium \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5230\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5e2e\u4f60\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u63a7\u5236\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Selenium \u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u8be6\u89e3<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\ufe0f\u20e3 Selenium \u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Selenium \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e <strong>Web \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong> \u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5957\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875\u3001\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u3001\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6267\u884c JavaScript<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u83b7\u53d6\u9875\u9762\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Selenium \u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff08Chrome\u3001Firefox\u3001Edge\u3001Safari \u7b49\uff09\u548c\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff08Python\u3001Java\u3001C#\u3001JavaScript \u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\ufe0f\u20e3 Selenium \u67b6\u6784<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Selenium \u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Selenium Client (\u8bed\u8a00\u7ed1\u5b9a)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00 API\uff08Python\u3001Java\u3001C#\u3001JavaScript\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u8c03\u7528 API\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: plain; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nfrom selenium import webdriver\n\ndriver = webdriver.Chrome()\ndriver.get(&quot;https:\/\/example.com&quot;)\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. JSON Wire Protocol \/ WebDriver Protocol<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Client \u4e0e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selenium API \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f1a\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\uff08JSON \u683c\u5f0f\uff09\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selenium 4 \u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4e3a W3C WebDriver \u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Browser Driver (\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6bcf\u79cd\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u90fd\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Chrome \u2192 <code>chromedriver<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Firefox \u2192 <code>geckodriver<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Edge \u2192 <code>msedgedriver<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9a71\u52a8\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u6536 WebDriver \u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u63a7\u5236\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u4fe1\uff08\u672c\u5730\u6216\u8fdc\u7a0b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u771f\u6b63\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6839\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u547d\u4ee4\u6e32\u67d3\u9875\u9762\u3001\u70b9\u51fb\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u7b49<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53ef\u5728\u672c\u5730\u6216\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\uff08\u652f\u6301 Selenium Grid \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6267\u884c\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\ufe0f\u20e3 Selenium \u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u5178\u578b\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7528\u6237\u7f16\u5199\u811a\u672c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: plain; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ndriver.get(&quot;https:\/\/example.com&quot;)\ndriver.find_element(&quot;id&quot;,&quot;submit&quot;).click()\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8bed\u8a00\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff08Client\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5c06 Python API \u8c03\u7528\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210 WebDriver \u8bf7\u6c42\uff08HTTP + JSON\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f8b\u5982 Chrome \u7684 <code>chromedriver<\/code> \u4f1a\u6536\u5230\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: plain; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nPOST \/session\/{sessionId}\/element\n{\n  &quot;using&quot;: &quot;id&quot;,\n  &quot;value&quot;: &quot;submit&quot;\n}\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u9a71\u52a8\u4f7f\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\uff08Chrome DevTools Protocol\uff09\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"5\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u6216\u5bfc\u822a\u9875\u9762<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"6\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u9a71\u52a8\u5c06\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3a JSON\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9 Client<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Client \u811a\u672c\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\ufe0f\u20e3 Selenium \u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u7406\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u6a21\u5757<\/th><th>\u4f5c\u7528<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Selenium Client<\/td><td>\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bed\u8a00 API\uff0c\u5c06\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6210 JSON<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WebDriver Protocol<\/td><td>\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u901a\u4fe1\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Browser Driver<\/td><td>\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Browser<\/td><td>\u771f\u6b63\u6e32\u67d3\u9875\u9762\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3<\/strong>\uff1aSelenium \u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 <strong>Client \u2192 Driver \u2192 Browser<\/strong> \u7684\u94fe\u8def\u95f4\u63a5\u63a7\u5236\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u652f\u6301\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u591a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53ef\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9650\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u9700\u8981\u9a71\u52a8\u5339\u914d\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7248\u672c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bf9\u975e\u6807\u51c6 DOM \u6216\u52a8\u6001\u6e32\u67d3\u9875\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\uff08\u663e\u5f0f\/\u9690\u5f0f\u7b49\u5f85\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5\ufe0f\u20e3 Selenium \u4e0e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Chrome \/ Edge<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7 Chrome DevTools Protocol\uff08CDP\uff09\u63a7\u5236\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Firefox<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7 Marionette \u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Safari<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7 SafariDriver\uff08WebDriverAgent\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Selenium 4 \u5b8c\u5168\u652f\u6301 W3C WebDriver \u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8de8\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6\ufe0f\u20e3 \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Selenium \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5728\u4e8e <strong>\u8bed\u8a00\u7ed1\u5b9a + WebDriver + \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8 + \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/strong> \u8fd9\u4e00\u5957\u94fe\u8def<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f <strong>HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42 \u2192 \u9a71\u52a8 \u2192 \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668 API<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6392\u67e5\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7248\u672c\u4e0e\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 Remote WebDriver \u6216 Selenium Grid<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7f16\u5199\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u673a\u5236\uff08\u7b49\u5f85\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u6216\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u73b0\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u6765\u7ed9\u4f60\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790 Selenium \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5230\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71&#8230; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2025\/12\/24\/selenium%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86\/\">Continue Reading &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-926","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-12"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=926"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/926\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":927,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/926\/revisions\/927"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=926"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=926"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}