{"id":838,"date":"2025-12-22T08:40:38","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T00:40:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=838"},"modified":"2025-12-22T08:40:38","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T00:40:38","slug":"java%e5%86%85%e5%ad%98%e6%ba%a2%e5%87%ba%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%81%e5%8e%9f%e5%9b%a0%e5%8f%8a%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2025\/12\/22\/java%e5%86%85%e5%ad%98%e6%ba%a2%e5%87%ba%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%81%e5%8e%9f%e5%9b%a0%e5%8f%8a%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Java\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\u5e38\u89c1\u539f\u56e0\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Java \u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\uff08OutOfMemoryError\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0 OOM\uff09 \u662f JVM \u5728\u7533\u8bf7\u5185\u5b58\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f34\u968f\u5185\u5b58\u8017\u5c3d\u6216\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u6536\u8db3\u591f\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002OOM \u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff08Memory Leak\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5f53\u6216\u4ee3\u7801\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5206\u914d\u8fc7\u591a\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f Java \u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 OOM \u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e Java 8+ \u7248\u672c\uff09\uff1a\u5e38\u89c1 OOM \u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u539f\u56e0\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>OOM \u7c7b\u578b<\/th><th>\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u793a\u4f8b<\/th><th>\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0<\/th><th>\u89e3\u51b3\u601d\u8def\uff08\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\uff09<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>Java heap space<\/td><td>java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space<\/td><td>1. \u5806\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\uff08-Xmx \u592a\u5c0f\uff09 2. \u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u6536\uff09 3. \u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u521b\u5efa\u8d85\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td><td>1. \u5206\u6790 heap dump \u627e\u6cc4\u6f0f 2. \u4f18\u5316\u4ee3\u7801 3. \u9002\u5f53\u589e\u5927 -Xmx<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GC overhead limit exceeded<\/td><td>java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded<\/td><td>GC \u82b1\u8d39 &gt;98% \u65f6\u95f4\u5374\u53ea\u56de\u6536 &lt;2% \u5185\u5b58\uff08JDK \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5f00\u542f\uff09<\/td><td>1. \u4f18\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\/\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f 2. \u7981\u7528\u6b64\u9650\u5236\uff08-XX:-UseGCOverheadLimit\uff09 3. \u589e\u5927\u5806<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>PermGen space\uff08JDK 7\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff09<\/td><td>java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space<\/td><td>\u6c38\u4e45\u4ee3\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3\uff08\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fc7\u591a\uff09<\/td><td>1. \u589e\u5927 -XX:MaxPermSize 2. \u5347\u7ea7\u5230 JDK 8+\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 Metaspace\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Metaspace\uff08JDK 8+\uff09<\/td><td>java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Metaspace<\/td><td>\u5143\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001CGLIB\u3001Spring \u9891\u7e41\u91cd\u8f7d\u7b49\uff09<\/td><td>1. \u589e\u5927 -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize 2. \u51cf\u5c11\u52a8\u6001\u4ee3\u7406\/\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d 3. \u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>unable to create new native thread<\/td><td>java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: unable to create new native thread<\/td><td>\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff08\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u8fc7\u591a\u6216 -Xss \u592a\u5927\uff09<\/td><td>1. \u51cf\u5c0f -Xss\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4 1MB\uff09 2. \u4f18\u5316\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60 3. \u8c03\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf ulimit<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Direct buffer memory<\/td><td>java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Direct buffer memory<\/td><td>DirectByteBuffer \u5206\u914d\u8fc7\u591a\uff08Netty\u3001NIO \u7b49\uff09<\/td><td>1. \u589e\u5927 -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize 2. \u53ca\u65f6\u91ca\u653e DirectBuffer<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Requested array size exceeds VM limit<\/td><td>java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Requested array size exceeds VM limit<\/td><td>\u8bd5\u56fe\u5206\u914d\u8d85\u5927\u6570\u7ec4\uff08&gt; Integer.MAX_VALUE\uff09<\/td><td>\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5206\u5757\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u573a\u666f\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08Top 8\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>\u6392\u540d<\/th><th>\u573a\u666f<\/th><th>\u5178\u578b\u8868\u73b0<\/th><th>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>1<\/td><td>\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff08\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u3001\u6700\u96be\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff09<\/td><td>\u5185\u5b58\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u6da8\uff0cFull GC \u9891\u7e41\u4e14\u56de\u6536\u5f88\u5c11<\/td><td>1. jmap -dump \u6216 -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError \u751f\u6210 heap dump 2. \u7528 MAT\/VisualVM \u5206\u6790\u5f15\u7528\u94fe 3. \u4fee\u590d\u6cc4\u6f0f\u4ee3\u7801<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2<\/td><td>\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u914d\uff08\u5927\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u8d85\u5927 String\u3001\u4e00\u6b21\u52a0\u8f7d\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<\/td><td>\u77ac\u95f4 OOM<\/td><td>\u5206\u5757\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6d41\u5f0f\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u907f\u514d\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a0\u8f7d\u5168\u90e8\u6570\u636e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3<\/td><td>\u96c6\u5408\u7c7b\u672a\u6e05\u7406\uff08HashMap\u3001ArrayList\u3001ThreadLocal \u7b49\uff09<\/td><td>\u9759\u6001\/\u5168\u5c40\u96c6\u5408\u4e0d\u65ad add \u5374\u4e0d remove<\/td><td>\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u53ca\u65f6 clear()\uff0c\u6216\u7528 WeakHashMap \/ ThreadLocal.remove()<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4<\/td><td>ThreadLocal \u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5f53<\/td><td>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u590d\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b + ThreadLocal \u672a remove()<\/td><td>\u6bcf\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u5fc5\u987b\u8c03\u7528 remove()<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5<\/td><td>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u8fc7\u591a\uff08\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u65e0\u754c\u3001new Thread \u75af\u72c2\u521b\u5efa\uff09<\/td><td>unable to create new native thread<\/td><td>\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u754c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\uff08ThreadPoolExecutor\uff09\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e -Xss<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6<\/td><td>\u9891\u7e41\u52a8\u6001\u4ee3\u7406\/\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\uff08Spring AOP\u3001CGLIB\u3001\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\uff09<\/td><td>Metaspace \u8017\u5c3d<\/td><td>\u63a7\u5236\u4ee3\u7406\u751f\u6210\u3001\u589e\u5927 Metaspace\u3001\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u91cd\u8f7d\u7c7b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>7<\/td><td>DirectByteBuffer \u5206\u914d\u8fc7\u591a\uff08Netty\u3001NIO\uff09<\/td><td>Direct buffer memory<\/td><td>\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\uff08Cleaner\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u589e\u5927 -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8<\/td><td>\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5f53\uff08\u5806\u592a\u5c0f\u3001GC \u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\uff09<\/td><td>\u4e1a\u52a1\u6b63\u5e38\u4f46\u538b\u6d4b\/\u9ad8\u5cf0 OOM<\/td><td>\u8c03\u4f18 -Xms\/-Xmx\uff08\u5efa\u8bae -Xms = -Xmx\uff09\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002 GC\uff08G1\/ZGC\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6392\u67e5 OOM \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6b65\u9aa4\uff08\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u63a8\u8350\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5f00\u542f\u81ea\u52a8 dump\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u6c38\u4e45\u5f00\u542f\uff09bash<code>-XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=\/path\/to\/dump<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u751f\u6210 heap dump\uff08\u5982\u679c\u672a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\uff09bash<code>jmap -dump:live,format=b,file=heapdump.hprof &lt;pid><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5f3a\u70c8\u63a8\u8350\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MAT\uff08Eclipse Memory Analyzer\uff09\uff1a\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u627e\u6cc4\u6f0f\u5acc\u7591<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>jvisualvm \/ jmc\uff1aOracle \u5b98\u65b9\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>jhat\uff1aJDK \u81ea\u5e26\uff08\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u5927\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>GCeasy \/ GCTime\uff1a\u5728\u7ebf\u5206\u6790 GC \u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u67e5\u770b GC \u65e5\u5fd7\uff08-XX:+PrintGCDetails -Xloggc:gc.log\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u89c2\u5bdf Full GC \u9891\u7387\u548c\u56de\u6536\u91cf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u662f\u5426\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u6da8 \u2192 \u57fa\u672c\u786e\u5b9a\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5feb\u901f\u4e34\u65f6\u7f13\u89e3\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u589e\u5927\u5806\u5185\u5b58\uff08-Xmx\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u91cd\u542f\u5e94\u7528\uff08\u6cbb\u6807\u4e0d\u6cbb\u672c\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a\u6cbb\u672c vs \u6cbb\u6807<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>\u65b9\u5f0f<\/th><th>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/th><th>\u662f\u5426\u6cbb\u672c<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>\u589e\u5927 -Xmx<\/td><td>\u914d\u7f6e\u8fc7\u5c0f\u3001\u4e34\u65f6\u9ad8\u5cf0<\/td><td>\u5426<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4f18\u5316\u4ee3\u7801<\/td><td>\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u914d<\/td><td>\u662f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u8c03\u4f18 GC<\/td><td>GC \u9891\u7e41\u4f46\u56de\u6536\u5c11<\/td><td>\u90e8\u5206<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4f7f\u7528\u5f31\u5f15\u7528<\/td><td>\u7f13\u5b58\u573a\u666f<\/td><td>\u90e8\u5206<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff1a\u201c\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f + \u65e0\u9650\u589e\u957f\u201d \u662f OOM \u7684\u5934\u53f7\u6740\u624b\u3002\u53d1\u73b0 OOM \u540e\uff0c\u4f18\u5148 dump \u5185\u5b58\u5feb\u7167 \u2192 \u7528 MAT \u5206\u6790\uff0c\u624d\u662f\u6700\u5feb\u3001\u6700\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684 OOM \u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3001GC \u65e5\u5fd7\u6216\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u8d34\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u4f60\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Java \u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\uff08OutOfMemoryError\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0 OOM\uff09 \u662f JVM&#8230; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2025\/12\/22\/java%e5%86%85%e5%ad%98%e6%ba%a2%e5%87%ba%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%81%e5%8e%9f%e5%9b%a0%e5%8f%8a%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95-2\/\">Continue Reading &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-java"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/838","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=838"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/838\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":839,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/838\/revisions\/839"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=838"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=838"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=838"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}