{"id":52,"date":"2026-06-13T16:34:04","date_gmt":"2026-06-13T08:34:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=52"},"modified":"2026-06-13T16:34:04","modified_gmt":"2026-06-13T08:34:04","slug":"python3-%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2026\/06\/13\/python3-%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"Python3\u00a0\u5217\u8868"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 Python 3 \u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u5217\u8868 (List)<\/strong> \u662f\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u3001\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u53d8\u7684 (Mutable)<\/strong> \u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5bb9\u7eb3\u4efb\u610f\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u5176\u4ed6\u5217\u8868\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u652f\u6301\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4f60\u5168\u9762\u3001\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u638c\u63e1 Python 3 \u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u9ad8\u7ea7\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u3001\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u3002\uff08\u672c\u6587\u7bc7\u5e45\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4efd\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u8003\u624b\u518c\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u6307\u5357\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001 \u5217\u8868\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u5217\u8868\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u57fa\u7840\u521b\u5efa\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7 <code>[]<\/code> \u662f\u6700\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># \u7a7a\u5217\u8868\nempty_list = []\nempty_list_2 = list()  # \u4f7f\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u76f8\u540c\n\n# \u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5217\u8868 (\u5f02\u6784)\nmixed_list = [1, &quot;hello&quot;, 3.14, True, [1, 2]]\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528 list() \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\nchars = list(&quot;Python&quot;)      # [&#039;P&#039;, &#039;y&#039;, &#039;t&#039;, &#039;h&#039;, &#039;o&#039;, &#039;n&#039;]\nnums = list(range(5))       # [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]\ntuple_to_list = list((1, 2, 3)) # [1, 2, 3]<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f (List Comprehension) \ud83c\udf1f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f Python \u6700\u5177\u7279\u8272\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u5feb\u901f\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5b83\u6bd4\u4f7f\u7528 <code>for<\/code> \u5faa\u73af\u548c <code>append()<\/code> \u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u4e14<strong>\u6267\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb<\/strong>\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u5c42\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># \u57fa\u7840\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a\u751f\u6210 0-9 \u7684\u5e73\u65b9\nsquares = [x**2 for x in range(10)]\n# \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e:\n# squares = []\n# for x in range(10):\n#     squares.append(x**2)\n\n# \u5e26\u6761\u4ef6\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff1a\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u5076\u6570\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\neven_squares = [x**2 for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 0]  # [0, 4, 16, 36, 64]\n\n# \u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u751f\u6210\u5750\u6807\u5bf9\ncoords = [(x, y) for x in range(2) for y in range(2)] \n# [(0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1)]\n\n# \u590d\u6742\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\nwords = [&quot;  apple &quot;, &quot;BANANA&quot;, &quot;cherry  &quot;]\ncleaned = [word.strip().lower() for word in words]  # [&#039;apple&#039;, &#039;banana&#039;, &#039;cherry&#039;]<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u26a0\ufe0f \u6838\u5fc3\u907f\u5751\uff1a\u5217\u8868\u4e58\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\u9677\u9631<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528 <code>*<\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f46<strong>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u5171\u4eab\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># \u2705 \u6b63\u786e\uff1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u6574\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\u7684\u91cd\u590d\nzeros = [0] * 5  # [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]\n\n# \u274c \u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u91cd\u590d (\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u5217\u8868\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740)\nbad_matrix = [[0] * 3] * 3  \nbad_matrix[0][0] = 99\nprint(bad_matrix)  \n# \u8f93\u51fa: [[99, 0, 0], [99, 0, 0], [99, 0, 0]] (\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\uff01)\n\n# \u2705 \u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u521b\u5efa\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5b50\u5217\u8868\ngood_matrix = [[0] * 3 for _ in range(3)]\ngood_matrix[0][0] = 99\nprint(good_matrix)  \n# \u8f93\u51fa: [[99, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]] (\u53ea\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u4fee\u6539)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001 \u5217\u8868\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0e\u5207\u7247 (Slicing)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5217\u8868\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u5207\u7247\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u7d22\u5f15 (Indexing)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d22\u5f15\u4ece <code>0<\/code> \u5f00\u59cb\u3002Python \u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u8d1f\u6570\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c<code>-1<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c<code>-2<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">my_list = [&#039;a&#039;, &#039;b&#039;, &#039;c&#039;, &#039;d&#039;, &#039;e&#039;]\nprint(my_list[0])   # &#039;a&#039;\nprint(my_list[4])   # &#039;e&#039;\nprint(my_list[-1])  # &#039;e&#039;\nprint(my_list[-3])  # &#039;c&#039;\n\n# \u26a0\ufe0f \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa IndexError\n# print(my_list[10])  # IndexError: list index out of range<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u5207\u7247 (Slicing)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5207\u7247\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e3a <code>list[start:stop:step]<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>start<\/code>\uff1a\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u5305\u542b\uff09\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a <code>0<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>stop<\/code>\uff1a\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\uff08<strong>\u4e0d\u5305\u542b<\/strong>\uff09\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>step<\/code>\uff1a\u6b65\u957f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a <code>1<\/code>\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53cd\u5411\u904d\u5386\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">nums = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]\n\nprint(nums[2:5])      # [2, 3, 4] (\u7d22\u5f15 2, 3, 4)\nprint(nums[:4])       # [0, 1, 2, 3] (\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb)\nprint(nums[6:])       # [6, 7, 8, 9] (\u76f4\u5230\u672b\u5c3e)\nprint(nums[:])        # [0, 1, ..., 9] (\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\u6574\u4e2a\u5217\u8868)\n\n# \u6b65\u957f\u7528\u6cd5\nprint(nums[::2])      # [0, 2, 4, 6, 8] (\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a)\nprint(nums[::-1])     # [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0] (\u7ecf\u5178\u53cd\u8f6c\u5217\u8868\u65b9\u6cd5)\nprint(nums[5:1:-1])   # [5, 4, 3, 2] (\u53cd\u5411\u5207\u7247\uff0cstart \u5fc5\u987b\u5927\u4e8e stop)\n\n# \ud83d\udca1 \u5207\u7247\u8d8a\u754c\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u7a7a\u5217\u8868\nprint(nums[5:100])    # [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u5207\u7247\u8d4b\u503c (Slice Assignment)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5207\u7247\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e<strong>\u5c31\u5730\u4fee\u6539<\/strong>\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6539\u53d8\u5217\u8868\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u662f Python \u5217\u8868\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">letters = [&#039;a&#039;, &#039;b&#039;, &#039;c&#039;, &#039;d&#039;, &#039;e&#039;]\n\n# \u66ff\u6362\u90e8\u5206\u5143\u7d20\nletters[1:4] = [&#039;X&#039;, &#039;Y&#039;]  \nprint(letters)  # [&#039;a&#039;, &#039;X&#039;, &#039;Y&#039;, &#039;e&#039;] (\u957f\u5ea6\u4ece 5 \u53d8\u6210\u4e86 4)\n\n# \u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 (\u4e0d\u5220\u9664\u539f\u6709\u5143\u7d20)\nletters[2:2] = [&#039;M&#039;, &#039;N&#039;] \nprint(letters)  # [&#039;a&#039;, &#039;X&#039;, &#039;M&#039;, &#039;N&#039;, &#039;Y&#039;, &#039;e&#039;]\n\n# \u5220\u9664\u90e8\u5206\u5143\u7d20 (\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e del letters[1:3])\nletters[1:3] = []\nprint(letters)  # [&#039;a&#039;, &#039;N&#039;, &#039;Y&#039;, &#039;e&#039;]<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001 \u5217\u8868\u7684\u589e\u3001\u5220\u3001\u6539\u3001\u67e5\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u589e\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 (Add)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>append(x)<\/code>: \u5728\u5217\u8868<strong>\u672b\u5c3e<\/strong>\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5747\u644a\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 $O(1)$\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>extend(iterable)<\/code>: \u5c06\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u5217\u8868\u672b\u5c3e\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 $O(k)$\uff0ck \u4e3a\u8ffd\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>insert(i, x)<\/code>: \u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15 <code>i<\/code> \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 <code>x<\/code>\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 $O(N)$\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u7eed\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">lst = [1, 2]\nlst.append(3)          # [1, 2, 3]\nlst.extend([4, 5])     # [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\nlst.insert(0, 0)       # [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] (\u5728\u5934\u90e8\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u793a<\/em>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u5728\u5217\u8868\u5934\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff0c<strong>\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <code>list<\/code><\/strong>\uff0c\u5e94\u6539\u7528 <code>collections.deque<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 (Remove)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>pop([i])<\/code>: \u79fb\u9664\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a <code>i<\/code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b <code>i<\/code>\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u79fb\u9664\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de<strong>\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a<\/strong>\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5c3e\u90e8\u5f39\u51fa $O(1)$\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\/\u5934\u90e8\u5f39\u51fa $O(N)$\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>remove(x)<\/code>: \u79fb\u9664\u5217\u8868\u4e2d<strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a<\/strong>\u503c\u4e3a <code>x<\/code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u629b\u51fa <code>ValueError<\/code>\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 $O(N)$\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>del<\/code>: Python \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u5207\u7247\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5220\u9664\u6574\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>clear()<\/code>: \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u53d8\u4e3a <code>[]<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">lst = [&#039;a&#039;, &#039;b&#039;, &#039;c&#039;, &#039;b&#039;, &#039;d&#039;]\n\n# pop\nlast = lst.pop()       # last=&#039;d&#039;, lst=[&#039;a&#039;, &#039;b&#039;, &#039;c&#039;, &#039;b&#039;]\nfirst = lst.pop(0)     # first=&#039;a&#039;, lst=[&#039;b&#039;, &#039;c&#039;, &#039;b&#039;]\n\n# remove\nlst.remove(&#039;b&#039;)        # \u79fb\u9664\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a &#039;b&#039;, lst=[&#039;c&#039;, &#039;b&#039;]\n# lst.remove(&#039;z&#039;)      # ValueError: list.remove(x): x not in list\n\n# del\ndel lst[0]             # lst=[&#039;b&#039;]\ndel lst[:]             # \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e lst.clear()\n\n# clear\nlst.clear()            # lst=[]<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u4fee\u6539\u5143\u7d20 (Update)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u5207\u7247\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\u5373\u53ef\uff08\u5982\u524d\u6587\u201c\u5207\u7247\u8d4b\u503c\u201d\u6240\u793a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">lst = [10, 20, 30]\nlst[1] = 99            # [10, 99, 30]<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 (Search)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>in<\/code> \/ <code>not in<\/code>: \u68c0\u67e5\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd4\u56de\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 $O(N)$\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>index(x[, start[, end]])<\/code>: \u8fd4\u56de\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u4e3a <code>x<\/code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u53ef\u9650\u5b9a\u641c\u7d22\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5219\u629b\u51fa <code>ValueError<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>count(x)<\/code>: \u8fd4\u56de\u5143\u7d20 <code>x<\/code> \u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">colors = [&#039;red&#039;, &#039;green&#039;, &#039;blue&#039;, &#039;green&#039;]\n\nprint(&#039;green&#039; in colors)        # True\nprint(colors.index(&#039;blue&#039;))     # 2\nprint(colors.index(&#039;green&#039;, 2)) # 3 (\u4ece\u7d22\u5f15 2 \u5f00\u59cb\u627e)\nprint(colors.count(&#039;green&#039;))    # 2<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001 \u5217\u8868\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0e\u53cd\u8f6c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Python \u7684\u5217\u8868\u6392\u5e8f\u57fa\u4e8e <strong>Timsort<\/strong> \u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff09\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a $O(N \\log N)$\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u5c31\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a<code>list.sort()<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u5217\u8868\uff08\u8fd4\u56de <code>None<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">nums = [5, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6]\nnums.sort()\nprint(nums)  # [1, 2, 5, 5, 6, 9] (\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5347\u5e8f)\n\nnums.sort(reverse=True)\nprint(nums)  # [9, 6, 5, 5, 2, 1] (\u964d\u5e8f)\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528 key \u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f (\u6781\u5176\u5f3a\u5927)\nwords = [&quot;banana&quot;, &quot;pie&quot;, &quot;Washington&quot;, &quot;book&quot;]\n# \u6309\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u6392\u5e8f\nwords.sort(key=len)\nprint(words)  # [&#039;pie&#039;, &#039;book&#039;, &#039;banana&#039;, &#039;Washington&#039;]\n\n# \u6309\u5b57\u5178\u5217\u8868\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u952e\u6392\u5e8f\nstudents = [{&#039;name&#039;: &#039;Alice&#039;, &#039;age&#039;: 22}, {&#039;name&#039;: &#039;Bob&#039;, &#039;age&#039;: 20}]\nstudents.sort(key=lambda x: x[&#039;age&#039;])\nprint(students)  # [{&#039;name&#039;: &#039;Bob&#039;, &#039;age&#039;: 20}, {&#039;name&#039;: &#039;Alice&#039;, &#039;age&#039;: 22}]<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u5217\u8868\uff1a<code>sorted()<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570 <code>sorted(iterable)<\/code> \u63a5\u53d7\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c<strong>\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">original = (5, 2, 9)  # \u5143\u7ec4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528 .sort()\nnew_list = sorted(original)\nprint(new_list)       # [2, 5, 9]\nprint(original)       # (5, 2, 9) (\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u53cd\u8f6c\u5217\u8868<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>list.reverse()<\/code>: \u5c31\u5730\u53cd\u8f6c\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 $O(N)$\uff0c\u65e0\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>reversed(list)<\/code>: \u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u5411\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0c\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u9700\u914d\u5408 <code>list()<\/code> \u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>list[::-1]<\/code>: \u5207\u7247\u53cd\u8f6c\uff0c\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5217\u8868\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u6d88\u8017\u989d\u5916\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001 \u5217\u8868\u7684\u8fdb\u9636\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u5e38\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">nums = [10, 20, 30, 40]\nprint(len(nums))   # 4 (\u5143\u7d20\u4e2a\u6570)\nprint(max(nums))   # 40 (\u6700\u5927\u503c)\nprint(min(nums))   # 10 (\u6700\u5c0f\u503c)\nprint(sum(nums))   # 100 (\u6c42\u548c\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5143\u7d20\u652f\u6301\u52a0\u6cd5)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <code>enumerate()<\/code>: \u540c\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u503c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u77e5\u9053\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c<strong>\u4e0d\u8981<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>range(len(list))<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u53cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528 <code>enumerate<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">fruits = [&#039;apple&#039;, &#039;banana&#039;, &#039;cherry&#039;]\nfor index, value in enumerate(fruits, start=1):  # start \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 0\n    print(f&quot;\u7b2c {index} \u4e2a\u6c34\u679c\u662f {value}&quot;)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. <code>zip()<\/code>: \u5e76\u884c\u904d\u5386\u591a\u4e2a\u5217\u8868<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6253\u5305\u6210\u5143\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">names = [&#039;Alice&#039;, &#039;Bob&#039;, &#039;Charlie&#039;]\nscores = [85, 92, 78]\n\nfor name, score in zip(names, scores):\n    print(f&quot;{name}: {score}&quot;)\n\n# zip \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u7f6e (Unzipping)\nmatrix = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]\ntransposed = list(zip(*matrix))\nprint(transposed)  # [(1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8), (3, 6, 9)]<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516d\u3001 \u5217\u8868\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406 (\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7406\u89e3\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5199\u51fa\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684 Python \u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5728 CPython \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u94fe\u8868 (Linked List)\uff0c\u800c\u662f<strong>\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4 (Dynamic Array)<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u6307\u9488<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Python \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a C \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>ob_size<\/code>: \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5f53\u524d\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e2a\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>allocated<\/code>: \u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>ob_item<\/code>: \u4e00\u4e2a C \u8bed\u8a00\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f<strong>\u6307\u5411 Python \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6307\u9488<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5217\u8868 <code>[1, \"a\", [2, 3]]<\/code> \u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6574\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u5217\u8868\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u5f02\u6784\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e14\u5217\u8868\u7684 <code>append<\/code> \u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5feb\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236 (Over-allocation)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u5411\u5217\u8868\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5982 <code>append<\/code>\uff09\u5bfc\u81f4 <code>ob_size<\/code> \u8d85\u8fc7 <code>allocated<\/code> \u65f6\uff0cPython \u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u3002<br>\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u6bcf\u6b21\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\uff08\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4 $O(N)$ \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff09\uff0cPython \u91c7\u7528<strong>\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5206\u914d<\/strong>\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u7533\u8bf7\u4e00\u5757\u6bd4\u5f53\u524d\u9700\u6c42\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u65b0\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5c06\u65e7\u6570\u636e\u590d\u5236\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91ca\u653e\u65e7\u5185\u5b58\u3002<br>CPython \u7684\u6269\u5bb9\u516c\u5f0f\u5927\u81f4\u4e3a\uff1a<code>new_allocated = (new_size &gt;&gt; 3) + (new_size &lt; 9 ? 3 : 6)<\/code>\u3002<br>\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97 <code>append<\/code> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7684<strong>\u5747\u644a\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 (Amortized Time Complexity)<\/strong> \u964d\u4e3a <strong>$O(1)$<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d (Shallow Copy) vs \u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d (Deep Copy)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7531\u4e8e\u5217\u8868\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u62f7\u8d1d\u5217\u8868\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><span>18<\/span><span>19<\/span><span>20<\/span><span>21<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">import copy\n\noriginal = [1, 2, [3, 4]]\n\n# 1. \u8d4b\u503c (=)\uff1a\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\nref = original\nref[0] = 99\nprint(original[0])  # 99 (original \u4e5f\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u4e86)\n\n# 2. \u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d (Shallow Copy)\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u5185\u90e8\u5143\u7d20\u4ecd\u662f\u539f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n# \u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1alist.copy(), list[:], copy.copy()\nshallow = original.copy()\nshallow[0] = 100\nprint(original[0])  # 99 (\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u4fee\u6539\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u539f\u5217\u8868)\nshallow[2][0] = 999\nprint(original[2][0]) # 999 (\u26a0\ufe0f \u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u540c\u6b65\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\uff01)\n\n# 3. \u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d (Deep Copy)\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u590d\u5236\u6240\u6709\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\ndeep = copy.deepcopy(original)\ndeep[2][0] = 0\nprint(original[2][0]) # 999 (\u539f\u5217\u8868\u4e0d\u53d7\u4efb\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/em>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5217\u8868\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\uff0c\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\u5b8c\u5168\u8db3\u591f\u4e14\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5305\u542b\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u72ec\u7acb\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528 <code>copy.deepcopy<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e03\u3001 \u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5 (Big-O \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u603b\u7ed3)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u64cd\u4f5c<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u8bf4\u660e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbf\u95ee <code>list[i]<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">$O(1)$<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u5b58\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u6781\u5feb\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5c3e\u90e8\u8ffd\u52a0 <code>append<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">$O(1)$<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5747\u644a\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5206\u914d\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5c3e\u90e8\u5f39\u51fa <code>pop()<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">$O(1)$<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u65e0\u9700\u79fb\u52a8\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5934\u90e8\u63d2\u5165\/\u5220\u9664 <code>insert(0, x)<\/code> \/ <code>pop(0)<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">$O(N)$<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u6740\u624b<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u79fb\u52a8\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u540e\u7eed\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u67e5\u627e <code>in<\/code> \/ <code>index<\/code> \/ <code>remove<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">$O(N)$<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u9700\u8981\u7ebf\u6027\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u6392\u5e8f <code>sort<\/code> \/ <code>sorted<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">$O(N \\log N)$<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u57fa\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u7684 Timsort \u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5207\u7247 <code>list[a:b]<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">$O(K)$<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">K \u4e3a\u5207\u7247\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u590d\u5236\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udf1f \u6838\u5fc3\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u6e05\u5355\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u907f\u514d\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>+<\/code> \u62fc\u63a5\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">   # \u274c \u53cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21 + \u90fd\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u590d\u5236\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(N\u00b2)\n   result = []\n   for i in range(10000):\n       result = result + [i] \n\n   # \u2705 \u6a21\u5f0f 1\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 append (\u5747\u644a O(1)\uff0c\u603b\u4f53 O(N))\n   result = []\n   for i in range(10000):\n       result.append(i)\n\n   # \u2705 \u6a21\u5f0f 2\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f (\u6700\u5feb\uff0cC \u5c42\u9762\u4f18\u5316)\n   result = [i for i in range(10000)]<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5224\u65ad\u5217\u8868\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/strong><br>\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u7a7a\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u4e3a <code>False<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">   my_list = []\n   # \u274c \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\n   if len(my_list) == 0:\n       pass\n   # \u2705 \u63a8\u8350 (Pythonic)\n   if not my_list:\n       print(&quot;\u5217\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a&quot;)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u9996\u90e8\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 <code>collections.deque<\/code><\/strong><br>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217 (Queue)\uff0c\u9891\u7e41\u4f7f\u7528 <code>insert(0, item)<\/code> \u6216 <code>pop(0)<\/code>\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u7684 $O(N)$ \u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217 <code>deque<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u9996\u90e8\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a $O(1)$\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">   from collections import deque\n   dq = deque([1, 2, 3])\n   dq.appendleft(0)  # O(1)\n   dq.popleft()      # O(1)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>list.sort()<\/code> \u800c\u4e0d\u662f <code>sorted()<\/code> \u5904\u7406\u5927\u578b\u5217\u8868<\/strong><br>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u5217\u8868\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u5c31\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\u7684 <code>list.sort()<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5206\u914d\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb\u4e14\u66f4\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516b\u3001 \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Python 3 \u7684\u5217\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u5907\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u5207\u7247\u3001\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\uff09\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u4e8e\u8bb0\u4f4f API\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u5176<strong>\u53ef\u53d8\u6027<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u5f15\u7528\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca<strong>\u5e95\u5c42\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5bb9\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\uff08\u5982\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u9891\u7e41\u9996\u90e8\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u4f60\u719f\u7ec3\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u5217\u8868\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u5b66\u4e60\u5176\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u201d\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u2014\u2014<strong>\u5143\u7ec4 (Tuple)<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e13\u4e3a\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u53bb\u91cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684<strong>\u96c6\u5408 (Set)<\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\uff08\u5982\u591a\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5904\u7406\u3001\u4e0e NumPy \u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff09\u6709\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u968f\u65f6\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728 Python 3 \u4e2d\uff0c\u5217\u8868 (List) \u662f\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u3001\u6700\u5f3a&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python-3-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52\/revisions\/53"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}