{"id":36,"date":"2026-06-13T16:12:55","date_gmt":"2026-06-13T08:12:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=36"},"modified":"2026-06-13T16:12:55","modified_gmt":"2026-06-13T08:12:55","slug":"python3-%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e8%af%ad%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2026\/06\/13\/python3-%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e8%af%ad%e6%b3%95\/","title":{"rendered":"Python3 \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Python 3 \u4ee5\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u6613\u8bfb\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f Python 3 \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u5168\u9762\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u65e5\u5e38\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u6ce8\u91ca\u4e0e\u7f29\u8fdb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6ce8\u91ca<\/strong>\uff1a\u5355\u884c\u7528 <code>#<\/code>\uff0c\u591a\u884c\u7528\u4e09\u4e2a\u5355\u5f15\u53f7 <code>'''<\/code> \u6216\u4e09\u4e2a\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7 <code>\"\"\"<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7f29\u8fdb<\/strong>\uff1aPython <strong>\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u62ec\u53f7 <code>{}<\/code><\/strong> \u6765\u5212\u5206\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\u7f29\u8fdb<\/strong>\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u63a8\u8350 4 \u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\uff09\u3002\u7f29\u8fdb\u9519\u8bef\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4 <code>IndentationError<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\n\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\n\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n\nif True:\n    print(&quot;\u7f29\u8fdb\u662f Python \u7684\u7075\u9b42&quot;)  # 4\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u7f29\u8fdb<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Python \u662f<strong>\u52a8\u6001\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u58f0\u660e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8d4b\u503c\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># \u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\nname = &quot;Alice&quot;          # \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 (str)\nage = 25                # \u6574\u6570 (int)\nheight = 1.75           # \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 (float)\nis_student = True       # \u5e03\u5c14\u503c (bool, \u6ce8\u610f\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u5927\u5199: True, False)\n\n# \u590d\u5408\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\nmy_list = [1, 2, 3]             # \u5217\u8868 (List)\uff0c\u53ef\u53d8\uff0c\u6709\u5e8f\nmy_tuple = (1, 2, 3)            # \u5143\u7ec4 (Tuple)\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\uff0c\u6709\u5e8f\nmy_dict = {&quot;name&quot;: &quot;Bob&quot;, &quot;age&quot;: 30} # \u5b57\u5178 (Dictionary)\uff0c\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u65e0\u5e8f(Python 3.7+ \u4fdd\u6301\u63d2\u5165\u987a\u5e8f)\nmy_set = {1, 2, 3, 3}           # \u96c6\u5408 (Set)\uff0c\u65e0\u5e8f\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u552f\u4e00 (\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a {1, 2, 3})<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8212; is a good separator &#8212;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong>\uff1a<code>+<\/code>, <code>-<\/code>, <code>*<\/code>, <code>\/<\/code> (\u771f\u9664\u6cd5\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3afloat), <code>\/\/<\/code> (\u6574\u9664), <code>%<\/code> (\u53d6\u6a21), <code>**<\/code> (\u5e42)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong>\uff1a<code>==<\/code>, <code>!=<\/code>, <code>><\/code>, <code>&lt;<\/code>, <code>>=<\/code>, <code>&lt;=<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong>\uff1a<code>and<\/code>, <code>or<\/code>, <code>not<\/code> (\u6ce8\u610f\u5168\u662f\u5c0f\u5199\u82f1\u6587\u5355\u8bcd)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6210\u5458\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong>\uff1a<code>in<\/code>, <code>not in<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">x = 10\ny = 3\nprint(x \/ y)   # 3.3333333333333335\nprint(x \/\/ y)  # 3\nprint(x ** y)  # 1000\n\nif x &gt; 5 and y &lt; 5:\n    print(&quot;\u6761\u4ef6\u6210\u7acb&quot;)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u63a7\u5236\u6d41<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5 (<code>if-elif-else<\/code>)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">score = 85\nif score &gt;= 90:\n    print(&quot;\u4f18\u79c0&quot;)\nelif score &gt;= 60:\n    print(&quot;\u53ca\u683c&quot;)\nelse:\n    print(&quot;\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c&quot;)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5 (<code>for<\/code> \u548c <code>while<\/code>)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><span>18<\/span><span>19<\/span><span>20<\/span><span>21<\/span><span>22<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># for \u5faa\u73af (\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217)\nfruits = [&quot;apple&quot;, &quot;banana&quot;, &quot;cherry&quot;]\nfor fruit in fruits:\n    print(fruit)\n\n# \u914d\u5408 range() \u4f7f\u7528\nfor i in range(3):  # \u751f\u6210 0, 1, 2\n    print(i)\n\n# while \u5faa\u73af\ncount = 0\nwhile count &lt; 3:\n    print(count)\n    count += 1\n\n# \u5faa\u73af\u63a7\u5236\nfor i in range(5):\n    if i == 2:\n        continue  # \u8df3\u8fc7\u672c\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\n    if i == 4:\n        break     # \u7ec8\u6b62\u6574\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\n    print(i)      # \u8f93\u51fa 0, 1, 3<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528 <code>def<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u652f\u6301\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u53ef\u53d8\u53c2\u6570 (<code>*args<\/code>, <code>**kwargs<\/code>)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># \u57fa\u672c\u51fd\u6570\ndef greet(name, greeting=&quot;Hello&quot;):\n    return f&quot;{greeting}, {name}!&quot;  # f-string (Python 3.6+ \u63a8\u8350\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f)\n\nprint(greet(&quot;Alice&quot;))          # \u8f93\u51fa: Hello, Alice!\nprint(greet(&quot;Bob&quot;, &quot;Hi&quot;))      # \u8f93\u51fa: Hi, Bob!\n\n# \u53ef\u53d8\u53c2\u6570\ndef sum_all(*args):\n    return sum(args)\n\nprint(sum_all(1, 2, 3, 4))     # \u8f93\u51fa: 10\n\n# \u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570 (Lambda)\nsquare = lambda x: x ** 2\nprint(square(5))               # \u8f93\u51fa: 25<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b (OOP)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528 <code>class<\/code> \u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\uff0c<code>__init__<\/code> \u662f\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c<code>self<\/code> \u4ee3\u8868\u5b9e\u4f8b\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">class Dog:\n    # \u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\n    species = &quot;Canis familiaris&quot;\n\n    # \u5b9e\u4f8b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\n    def __init__(self, name, age):\n        self.name = name  # \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\n        self.age = age\n\n    # \u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\n    def bark(self):\n        return f&quot;{self.name} says woof!&quot;\n\n# \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\nmy_dog = Dog(&quot;Buddy&quot;, 3)\nprint(my_dog.name)       # \u8f93\u51fa: Buddy\nprint(my_dog.bark())     # \u8f93\u51fa: Buddy says woof!<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528 <code>try-except-finally<\/code> \u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">try:\n    result = 10 \/ 0\nexcept ZeroDivisionError as e:\n    print(f&quot;\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef: {e}&quot;)\nexcept Exception as e:\n    print(f&quot;\u672a\u77e5\u9519\u8bef: {e}&quot;)\nelse:\n    print(&quot;\u6ca1\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u6267\u884c&quot;)\nfinally:\n    print(&quot;\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u6267\u884c (\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6e05\u7406\u8d44\u6e90)&quot;)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. \u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 <code>with<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\uff08\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e<strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># \u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\nwith open(&quot;test.txt&quot;, &quot;w&quot;, encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;) as f:\n    f.write(&quot;Hello, Python 3!\\n&quot;)\n\n# \u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\nwith open(&quot;test.txt&quot;, &quot;r&quot;, encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;) as f:\n    content = f.read()\n    print(content)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bf4\u660e: <code>'r'<\/code> \u8bfb\u53d6, <code>'w'<\/code> \u5199\u5165(\u8986\u76d6), <code>'a'<\/code> \u8ffd\u52a0, <code>'b'<\/code> \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. \u6a21\u5757\u4e0e\u5305<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Python \u901a\u8fc7 <code>import<\/code> \u5f15\u5165\u5916\u90e8\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">import math\nprint(math.sqrt(16))  # \u8f93\u51fa: 4.0\n\nfrom datetime import datetime\nprint(datetime.now())\n\n# \u7ed9\u6a21\u5757\u8d77\u522b\u540d\nimport numpy as np  # \u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. Python 3 \u5e38\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u901f\u67e5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>print(*objects, sep=' ', end='\\n')<\/code>: \u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>len(s)<\/code>: \u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u957f\u5ea6\u6216\u5143\u7d20\u4e2a\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>type(object)<\/code>: \u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>range(start, stop, step)<\/code>: \u751f\u6210\u6574\u6570\u5e8f\u5217<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>enumerate(iterable)<\/code>: \u540c\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u503c (\u4f8b\u5982: <code>for i, val in enumerate(lst):<\/code>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>zip(*iterables)<\/code>: \u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u6253\u5305\u6210\u5143\u7ec4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>str()<\/code>, <code>int()<\/code>, <code>float()<\/code>, <code>list()<\/code>, <code>dict()<\/code>: \u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udca1 \u73b0\u4ee3 Python 3 \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u63d0\u793a\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a (Type Hints)<\/strong>\uff1aPython 3.5+ \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u867d\u4e0d\u5f3a\u5236\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4f46\u80fd\u6781\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c IDE \u652f\u6301\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">   def add(a: int, b: int) -&gt; int:\n       return a + b<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>f-string<\/strong>\uff1aPython 3.6+ \u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 <code>f\"{}\"<\/code> \u8fdb\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u6bd4 <code>%<\/code> \u548c <code>.format()<\/code> \u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6d77\u8c61\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26 (<code>:=<\/code>)<\/strong>\uff1aPython 3.8+ \u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5185\u90e8\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">   if (n := len(&quot;hello&quot;)) &gt; 3:\n       print(f&quot;Length is {n}&quot;)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u60f3\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\uff08\u5982\uff1a\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u3001\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001\u6216\u8005\u67d0\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e93\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Python 3 \u4ee5\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u6613\u8bfb\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python-3-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36\/revisions\/37"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}