{"id":19,"date":"2026-06-12T21:08:27","date_gmt":"2026-06-12T13:08:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=19"},"modified":"2026-06-12T21:08:27","modified_gmt":"2026-06-12T13:08:27","slug":"python3-%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2026\/06\/12\/python3-%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba\/","title":{"rendered":"Python3\u00a0\u73af\u5883\u642d\u5efa"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u642d\u5efa Python 3 \u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e3b\u6d41\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Windows\u3001macOS\u3001Linux\uff09\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u642d\u5efa\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff08\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u914d\u7f6e\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001 \u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e0e\u5b89\u88c5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Windows \u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5\u5305<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bbf\u95ee Python \u5b98\u7f51 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.python.org\/downloads\/\">https:\/\/www.python.org\/downloads\/<\/a>\uff0c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6700\u65b0\u7684 Windows \u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0864-bit installer\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff1a\u53cc\u51fb\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684 <code>.exe<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u26a0\ufe0f \u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u754c\u9762\u7684\u5e95\u90e8\uff0c<strong>\u52a1\u5fc5\u52fe\u9009 &#8220;Add Python.exe to PATH&#8221;<\/strong>\uff08\u5c06 Python \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u52fe\u9009\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>python<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u70b9\u51fb <strong>&#8220;Install Now&#8221;<\/strong> \u8fdb\u884c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u5b8c\u6210\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. macOS \u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">macOS \u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668 Homebrew \u6765\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u65e7\u7248 Python \u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4e14\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u5347\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u88c5 Homebrew<\/strong>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5c1a\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\uff09\uff1a<br>\u6253\u5f00\u201c\u7ec8\u7aef\u201d(Terminal)\uff0c\u7c98\u8d34\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u56de\u8f66\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   \/bin\/bash -c \"$(curl -fsSL https:\/\/raw.githubusercontent.com\/Homebrew\/install\/HEAD\/install.sh)\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u88c5 Python 3<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   brew install python<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Linux \u7cfb\u7edf (\u4ee5 Ubuntu\/Debian \u4e3a\u4f8b)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5927\u591a\u6570 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u5df2\u9884\u88c5 Python 3\uff0c\u4f46\u5efa\u8bae\u66f4\u65b0\u5230\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 <code>pip<\/code>\uff08\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   sudo apt update\n   sudo apt install python3 python3-pip python3-venv<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u5982\u679c\u662f CentOS\/RHEL\/Fedora\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 <code>sudo dnf install python3 python3-pip python3-virtualenv<\/code>)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff08Windows \u7684 <code>cmd<\/code> \u6216 <code>PowerShell<\/code>\uff0cmacOS\/Linux \u7684 <code>Terminal<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Windows \u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 python\uff0cmacOS\/Linux \u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 python3\npython --version\n# \u6216\u8005\npython3 --version<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c <code>Python 3.12.x<\/code> \u6216 <code>Python 3.13.x<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63a5\u7740\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177 <code>pip<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pip --version\n# \u6216\u8005\npip3 --version<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001 \u914d\u7f6e\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff08\ud83c\udf1f \u5f3a\u70c8\u63a8\u8350\u7684 best practice\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1f<\/strong><br>\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u9879\u76ee A \u9700\u8981 <code>requests==2.25<\/code>\uff0c\u9879\u76ee B \u9700\u8981 <code>requests==2.30<\/code>\uff09\u3002\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9694\u79bb\u7684 Python \u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Windows \/ macOS \/ Linux \u901a\u7528\npython -m venv venv\n# \u6216\u8005\u5728 macOS\/Linux \u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528: python3 -m venv venv<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u8fd9\u91cc\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a <code>venv<\/code> \u662f\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53eb\u5b83 <code>env<\/code> \u6216 <code>.venv<\/code>)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Windows (CMD)<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  venv\\Scripts\\activate.bat<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Windows (PowerShell)<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  venv\\Scripts\\Activate.ps1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u5982\u679c\u63d0\u793a\u201c\u6267\u884c\u7b56\u7565\u201d\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u884c PowerShell \u5e76\u6267\u884c\uff1a<code>Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned<\/code>)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>macOS \/ Linux<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  source venv\/bin\/activate<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6807\u5fd7<\/strong>\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u7684\u6700\u524d\u9762\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0 <code>(venv)<\/code> \u5b57\u6837\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pip install<\/code> \u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u9000\u51fa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u9879\u76ee\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>deactivate<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001 \u5e38\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406 (pip) \u57fa\u7840<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pip<\/code> \u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a<code>pip install \u5e93\u540d<\/code> \uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code>pip install requests pandas<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a<code>pip list<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5bfc\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56<\/strong>\uff1a<code>pip freeze > requirements.txt<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6839\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56<\/strong>\uff1a<code>pip install -r requirements.txt<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5347\u7ea7 pip \u81ea\u8eab<\/strong>\uff1a<code>python -m pip install --upgrade pip<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001 \u63a8\u8350\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177 (IDE \/ \u7f16\u8f91\u5668)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73af\u5883\u642d\u5efa\u597d\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Visual Studio Code (VS Code)<\/strong>\uff08\ud83c\udf1f \u6700\u63a8\u8350\uff09\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u514d\u8d39\u3001\u8f7b\u91cf\u3001\u63d2\u4ef6\u4e30\u5bcc\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u6269\u5c55\u5546\u5e97\u641c\u7d22\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 <strong>Python<\/strong> \u63d2\u4ef6\uff08\u7531 Microsoft \u63d0\u4f9b\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u7801\u8865\u5168\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>PyCharm<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684 Python IDE\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u514d\u8d39\u7684 Community\uff08\u793e\u533a\u7248\uff09\u548c\u4ed8\u8d39\u7684 Professional\uff08\u4e13\u4e1a\u7248\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u793e\u533a\u7248\u5bf9\u7eaf Python \u5f00\u53d1\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u5168\u8db3\u591f\uff0c\u4e14\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Jupyter Notebook \/ JupyterLab<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u9002\u5408\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6559\u5b66\u6f14\u793a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>pip install jupyter<\/code> \u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165 <code>jupyter notebook<\/code> \u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udca1 \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Windows \u63d0\u793a &#8220;python \u4e0d\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u6216\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4&#8221;<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bf4\u660e\u5b89\u88c5\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u52fe\u9009 &#8220;Add to PATH&#8221;\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u91cd\u65b0\u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 &#8220;Modify&#8221;\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u52fe\u9009\u4e86\u8be5\u9009\u9879\uff1b\u6216\u624b\u52a8\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 Python \u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>macOS \u63d0\u793a\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3 (Permission denied)<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bf7<strong>\u4e0d\u8981<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>sudo pip install<\/code>\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u59cb\u7ec8\u5728\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pip install --user \u5e93\u540d<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u62a5\u9519\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5e2e\u4f60\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u642d\u5efa Python 3 \u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e3b\u6d41\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Windows\u3001 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python-3-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19\/revisions\/21"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}