{"id":183,"date":"2026-06-17T19:43:04","date_gmt":"2026-06-17T11:43:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=183"},"modified":"2026-06-17T19:43:04","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T11:43:04","slug":"flask-%e4%b8%ad%e9%97%b4%e4%bb%b6%e5%92%8c%e6%89%a9%e5%b1%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2026\/06\/17\/flask-%e4%b8%ad%e9%97%b4%e4%bb%b6%e5%92%8c%e6%89%a9%e5%b1%95\/","title":{"rendered":"Flask \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u548c\u6269\u5c55"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 Flask \u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff08Middleware\uff09<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u6269\u5c55\uff08Extensions\uff09<\/strong>\u662f\u589e\u5f3a\u5e94\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u652f\u67f1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a\u50cf\u201c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u201d\u6216\u201c\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u524d\u6216\u54cd\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u540e\u6267\u884c\u901a\u7528\u903b\u8f91\uff08\u5982\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001CORS\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6269\u5c55<\/strong>\uff1a\u50cf\u201c\u63d2\u4ef6\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a Flask \u6dfb\u52a0\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u91cd\u578b\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93 ORM\u3001\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8868\u5355\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001 Flask \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6 (Middleware)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Flask \u57fa\u4e8e Werkzeug WSGI \u5de5\u5177\u5305\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u673a\u5236\u9075\u5faa\u6807\u51c6\u7684 <strong>WSGI \u89c4\u8303<\/strong>\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u4f7f\u7528 <code>@app.before_request<\/code> \u548c <code>@app.after_request<\/code> (\u6700\u5e38\u7528)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f Flask \u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u201c\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u201d\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u8bf7\u6c42\/\u54cd\u5e94\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><span>18<\/span><span>19<\/span><span>20<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from flask import Flask, request, g\nimport time\n\napp = Flask(__name__)\n\n# 1. \u8bf7\u6c42\u524d\u6267\u884c (Before Request)\n@app.before_request\ndef before_req():\n    # \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bf7\u6c42\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\n    g.start_time = time.time()\n    print(f&quot;Request started: {request.method} {request.path}&quot;)\n\n# 2. \u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u6267\u884c (After Request)\n@app.after_request\ndef after_req(response):\n    # \u8ba1\u7b97\u8017\u65f6\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\n    duration = time.time() - g.start_time\n    response.headers[&#039;X-Response-Time&#039;] = f&quot;{duration:.4f}s&quot;\n    print(f&quot;Request finished with status: {response.status_code}&quot;)\n    return response  # \u5fc5\u987b\u8fd4\u56de response \u5bf9\u8c61<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u4f7f\u7528 WSGI \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7c7b (\u9ad8\u7ea7\/\u5168\u5c40)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4ecb\u5165\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684 WSGI \u6d41\u7a0b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u6240\u6709 Flask \u903b\u8f91\u4e4b\u524d\u4fee\u6539\u73af\u5883\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684 WSGI \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5305\u88c5\u5728 <code>app.wsgi_app<\/code> \u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">class MyCustomMiddleware:\n    def __init__(self, app):\n        self.app = app\n\n    def __call__(self, environ, start_response):\n        # \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539 environ \u5b57\u5178\n        environ[&#039;MY_CUSTOM_VAR&#039;] = &#039;Hello from Middleware&#039;\n\n        # \u8c03\u7528\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\uff08\u5373 Flask app\uff09\n        return self.app(environ, start_response)\n\n# \u6ce8\u518c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\napp.wsgi_app = MyCustomMiddleware(app.wsgi_app)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u5e38\u89c1\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>CORS (\u8de8\u57df\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab)<\/strong>\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8\u524d\u7aef\u4e0d\u540c\u57df\u540d\u8bbf\u95ee API\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Compression<\/strong>: \u81ea\u52a8\u538b\u7f29\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\uff08Gzip\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Logging<\/strong>: \u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Authentication<\/strong>: \u68c0\u67e5 Header \u4e2d\u7684 Token\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001 Flask \u6269\u5c55 (Extensions)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Flask \u6838\u5fc3\u975e\u5e38\u7cbe\u7b80\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5c55\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6269\u5c55\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5 <code>Flask-<\/code> \u5f00\u5934\u547d\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udfc6 \u5fc5\u88c5\u7684\u201c\u56db\u5927\u91d1\u521a\u201d\u6269\u5c55<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u6269\u5c55\u540d<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u7528\u9014<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5b89\u88c5\u547d\u4ee4<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Flask-SQLAlchemy<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u6570\u636e\u5e93 ORM (\u64cd\u4f5c MySQL\/PostgreSQL\/SQLite)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>pip install flask-sqlalchemy<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Flask-Migrate<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406 (\u57fa\u4e8e Alembic)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>pip install flask-migrate<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Flask-WTF<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u8868\u5355\u5904\u7406\u4e0e CSRF \u4fdd\u62a4<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>pip install flask-wtf<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Flask-Login<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406 (\u767b\u5f55\/\u767b\u51fa\/\u8bb0\u4f4f\u6211)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>pip install flask-login<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u7528\u6269\u5c55<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Flask-CORS<\/strong>: \u5904\u7406\u8de8\u57df\u95ee\u9898 (<code>pip install flask-cors<\/code>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Flask-Mail<\/strong>: \u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6 (<code>pip install flask-mail<\/code>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Flask-RESTful \/ Flask-Marshmallow<\/strong>: \u6784\u5efa REST API<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Flask-Caching<\/strong>: \u7f13\u5b58\u652f\u6301 (Redis\/Memcached)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Flask-JWT-Extended<\/strong>: JSON Web Token \u8ba4\u8bc1 (\u9002\u5408\u524d\u540e\u7aef\u5206\u79bb\/API)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001 \u5982\u4f55\u6b63\u786e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5c55\uff1f(\u5e94\u7528\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u5bfc\u5165\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\u5e94\u7528\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\u3002\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\uff1a<strong>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316<\/strong> \u548c <strong>\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u5b9a\u4e49\u6269\u5c55\u5b9e\u4f8b (<code>extensions.py<\/code>)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ea\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ed1\u5b9a app\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy\nfrom flask_migrate import Migrate\nfrom flask_login import LoginManager\n\ndb = SQLAlchemy()\nmigrate = Migrate()\nlogin_manager = LoginManager()<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u5728\u5de5\u5382\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316 (<code>app\/__init__.py<\/code>)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><span>18<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from flask import Flask\nfrom .extensions import db, migrate, login_manager\n\ndef create_app():\n    app = Flask(__name__)\n    app.config.from_object(&#039;config.Config&#039;)\n\n    # \u26a0\ufe0f \u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u8c03\u7528 init_app \u5c06\u6269\u5c55\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u5f53\u524d app\n    db.init_app(app)\n    migrate.init_app(app, db)\n    login_manager.init_app(app)\n\n    # \u914d\u7f6e Login Manager\n    login_manager.login_view = &#039;auth.login&#039;\n\n    # \u6ce8\u518c\u84dd\u56fe...\n\n    return app<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001 \u5b9e\u6218\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u96c6\u6210 Flask-CORS \u548c Flask-Login<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u89e3\u51b3\u8de8\u57df (Flask-CORS)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 <code>localhost:3000<\/code>\uff0c\u540e\u7aef\u5728 <code>localhost:5000<\/code>\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u963b\u6b62\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">pip install flask-cors<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from flask_cors import CORS\n\ndef create_app():\n    app = Flask(__name__)\n\n    # \u7b80\u5355\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8\u6240\u6709\u57df (\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u9700\u9650\u5236)\n    CORS(app) \n\n    # \u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u57df\n    # CORS(app, resources={r&quot;\/api\/*&quot;: {&quot;origins&quot;: &quot;https:\/\/myfrontend.com&quot;}})\n\n    return app<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u4fdd\u62a4 (Flask-Login)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4fdd\u62a4\u67d0\u4e9b\u8def\u7531\u53ea\u6709\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">pip install flask-login<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><span>18<\/span><span>19<\/span><span>20<\/span><span>21<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from flask_login import LoginManager, login_user, logout_user, login_required, current_user\n\nlogin_manager = LoginManager()\n\n# \u52a0\u8f7d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\n@login_manager.user_loader\ndef load_user(user_id):\n    return User.query.get(int(user_id))\n\n@app.route(&#039;\/dashboard&#039;)\n@login_required  # \u2b50 \u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u672a\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u767b\u5f55\u9875\ndef dashboard():\n    return f&#039;Hello, {current_user.username}&#039;\n\n@app.route(&#039;\/login&#039;, methods=[&#039;POST&#039;])\ndef login():\n    user = User.query.filter_by(username=request.form[&#039;username&#039;]).first()\n    if user and check_password_hash(user.password, request.form[&#039;password&#039;]):\n        login_user(user) # \u5efa\u7acb\u4f1a\u8bdd\n        return redirect(url_for(&#039;dashboard&#039;))\n    return &#039;Login failed&#039;, 401<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udca1 \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u8981\u91cd\u590d\u9020\u8f6e\u5b50<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5199\u590d\u6742\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u5982\u53d1\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u8fde\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u505a\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff09\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u641c\u4e00\u4e0b\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u719f\u7684 Flask \u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6309\u9700\u5f15\u5165<\/strong>\uff1aFlask \u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u9700\u8981 <code>Flask-SQLAlchemy<\/code>\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u6c89\u91cd\u7684 <code>Flask-Admin<\/code> \u6216 <code>Celery<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\u6269\u5c55\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u67d0\u4e9b\u6269\u5c55\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u518d\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u4f18\u5148\u9009\u62e9\u793e\u533a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u3001\u6587\u6863\u9f50\u5168\u3001\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u5e74\u6709\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u987a\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a WSGI \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5305\u88f9\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u5185\u5c42\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5148\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcdd \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5c0f\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ea7\u5904\u7406<\/strong> \u2192 \u7528 <code>@before_request<\/code> \/ <code>@after_request<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5e95\u5c42\u62e6\u622a\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u4fee\u6539<\/strong> \u2192 \u7528 WSGI \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7c7b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u91cd\u578b\u529f\u80fd\uff08DB, Auth, Form\uff09<\/strong> \u2192 \u7528 Flask \u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5c55<\/strong> \u2192 \u8bb0\u5f97\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5de5\u5382\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>init_app(app)<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u548c\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u62e5\u6709\u4e86\u7ec4\u88c5\u5f3a\u5927 Flask \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u201c\u4e50\u9ad8\u79ef\u6728\u201d\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u67d0\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u6269\u5c55\uff08\u5982 <strong>SQLAlchemy \u9ad8\u7ea7\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong> \u6216 <strong>JWT \u8ba4\u8bc1<\/strong>\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55<strong>\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong>\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff1f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728 Flask \u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff08Middleware\uff09\u548c\u6269\u5c55\uff08E&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-183","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-flask-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/183","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=183"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/183\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":184,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/183\/revisions\/184"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=183"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=183"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=183"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}