{"id":169,"date":"2026-06-17T19:28:37","date_gmt":"2026-06-17T11:28:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=169"},"modified":"2026-06-17T19:28:37","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T11:28:37","slug":"flask-%e8%a7%86%e5%9b%be%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2026\/06\/17\/flask-%e8%a7%86%e5%9b%be%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0\/","title":{"rendered":"Flask \u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\uff08View Functions\uff09<\/strong> \u662f Flask \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u5355\u5143\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u54cd\u5e94\u7684 Python \u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 Flask \u4e2d\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u7531 <code>@app.route()<\/code> \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u4f46\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u548c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u5065\u58ee\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u89c4\u5219<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5b88\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u6761\u94c1\u5f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u63a5\u6536\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea URL \u7684\u52a8\u6001\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u5982 <code>&lt;int:id><\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a HTTP \u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\u3001Response \u5bf9\u8c61\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">@app.route(&#039;\/user\/&lt;name&gt;&#039;)\ndef greet_user(name):  # name \u662f\u4ece URL \u6355\u83b7\u7684\u53c2\u6570\n    return f&#039;Hello, {name}!&#039;  # \u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0cFlask \u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u4e3a 200 OK \u54cd\u5e94<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Flask \u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A. \u7b80\u5355\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 (HTML)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">@app.route(&#039;\/&#039;)\ndef index():\n    return &#039;&lt;h1&gt;Hello World&lt;\/h1&gt;&#039;<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B. \u5143\u7ec4 (\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u548c Header)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>(response_body, status_code)<\/code> \u6216 <code>(response_body, headers)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">@app.route(&#039;\/not-found&#039;)\ndef not_found():\n    return &#039;Page not found&#039;, 404\n\n@app.route(&#039;\/custom&#039;)\ndef custom():\n    return &#039;Created&#039;, 201, {&#039;X-Custom-Header&#039;: &#039;Value&#039;}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C. JSON \u6570\u636e (API \u5f00\u53d1\u9996\u9009)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528 <code>jsonify<\/code> \u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a JSON \u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e <code>Content-Type: application\/json<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from flask import jsonify\n\n@app.route(&#039;\/api\/data&#039;)\ndef get_data():\n    data = {&quot;id&quot;: 1, &quot;name&quot;: &quot;Flask&quot;}\n    return jsonify(data)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D. Response \u5bf9\u8c61<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7cbe\u7ec6\u63a7\u5236\u54cd\u5e94\uff08\u5982\u8bbe\u7f6e Cookie\u3001\u4fee\u6539 MIME \u7c7b\u578b\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u624b\u52a8\u521b\u5efa <code>Response<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from flask import make_response\n\n@app.route(&#039;\/cookie&#039;)\ndef set_cookie():\n    resp = make_response(&#039;Cookie Set&#039;)\n    resp.set_cookie(&#039;username&#039;, &#039;john&#039;)\n    return resp<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">E. \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from flask import redirect, url_for\n\n@app.route(&#039;\/old&#039;)\ndef old_page():\n    return redirect(url_for(&#039;index&#039;)) # 302 \u4e34\u65f6\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u57fa\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u89c6\u56fe (Pluggable Views)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a URL \u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\uff08GET, POST, PUT\u2026\uff09\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7684 <code>if request.method == ...<\/code> \u4f1a\u8ba9\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u5f97\u4e11\u964b\u3002<strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u89c6\u56fe<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Flask \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 <code>MethodView<\/code> \u7c7b\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06 HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\uff08\u5c0f\u5199\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><span>18<\/span><span>19<\/span><span>20<\/span><span>21<\/span><span>22<\/span><span>23<\/span><span>24<\/span><span>25<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from flask.views import MethodView\n\nclass UserAPI(MethodView):\n    def get(self, user_id=None):\n        if user_id is None:\n            # GET \/users\/ -&gt; \u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\n            return &#039;List of users&#039;\n        else:\n            # GET \/users\/1 -&gt; \u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\n            return f&#039;Details of user {user_id}&#039;\n\n    def post(self):\n        # POST \/users\/ -&gt; \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\n        return &#039;User created&#039;\n\n    def delete(self, user_id):\n        # DELETE \/users\/1 -&gt; \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\n        return f&#039;User {user_id} deleted&#039;\n\n# \u6ce8\u518c\u8def\u7531\n# as_view(&#039;endpoint_name&#039;) \u5c06\u7c7b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\nuser_view = UserAPI.as_view(&#039;user_api&#039;)\n\napp.add_url_rule(&#039;\/users\/&#039;, view_func=user_view, methods=[&#039;GET&#039;, &#039;POST&#039;])\napp.add_url_rule(&#039;\/users\/&lt;int:user_id&gt;&#039;, view_func=user_view, methods=[&#039;GET&#039;, &#039;DELETE&#039;])<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6613\u4e8e\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u590d\u7528\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u7684 <code>BaseResourceView<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u94a9\u5b50<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6709\u65f6\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5728\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c<strong>\u4e4b\u524d<\/strong>\u6216<strong>\u4e4b\u540e<\/strong>\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u901a\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u68c0\u67e5\u767b\u5f55\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\uff09\u3002Flask \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><code>@app.before_request<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fdb\u5165\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570<strong>\u4e4b\u524d<\/strong>\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">@app.before_request\ndef check_login():\n    if request.endpoint != &#039;login&#039; and &#039;user_id&#039; not in session:\n        return redirect(url_for(&#039;login&#039;))<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><code>@app.after_request<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61<strong>\u4e4b\u540e<\/strong>\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u63a5\u6536\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de response \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">@app.after_request\ndef add_header(response):\n    response.headers[&#039;X-Frame-Options&#039;] = &#039;DENY&#039;\n    return response<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><code>@app.teardown_request<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65e0\u8bba\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">@app.teardown_request\ndef close_db(exception):\n    db.close()<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4fdd\u6301\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u8f7b\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a<br>\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u201c\u534f\u8c03\u201d\uff1a\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42 -> \u8c03\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5c42\/\u6a21\u578b\u5c42\u5904\u7406\u4e1a\u52a1 -> \u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<strong>\u4e0d\u8981<\/strong>\u5728\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u5199\u590d\u6742\u7684 SQL \u67e5\u8be2\u6216\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u84dd\u56fe\u6a21\u5757\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a<br>\u968f\u7740\u9879\u76ee\u53d8\u5927\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u6240\u6709\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u653e\u5728 <code>app.py<\/code>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\u84dd\u56fe\uff08Blueprints\uff09<\/strong>\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u7ec4\uff08\u5982 <code>auth_views<\/code>, <code>api_views<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7edf\u4e00\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a<br>\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u91cc try-except\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 <code>@app.errorhandler<\/code> \u5168\u5c40\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">   @app.errorhandler(500)\n   def internal_error(error):\n       db.session.rollback()\n       return &quot;Internal Server Error&quot;, 500<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a<\/strong>\uff1a<br>\u867d\u7136 Flask \u4e0d\u5f3a\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed9\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u6dfb\u52a0\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c IDE \u652f\u6301\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">   from flask import Response\n\n   @app.route(&#039;\/hello&#039;)\n   def hello() -&gt; Response:\n       return jsonify({&quot;msg&quot;: &quot;hi&quot;})<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcdd \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u7279\u6027<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u8bf4\u660e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u6838\u5fc3\u804c\u8d23<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u63a5\u6536 Request\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de Response<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u7b80\u5355\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570 + <code>@app.route<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u590d\u6742\/API \u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u4f7f\u7528 <code>MethodView<\/code> \u7c7b\u89c6\u56fe<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u901a\u7528\u903b\u8f91<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u4f7f\u7528 <code>before_request<\/code> \/ <code>after_request<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001JSON (<code>jsonify<\/code>)\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\u3001<code>Response<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u638c\u63e1\u4e86 Flask \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u201c\u5927\u8111\u201d\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55<strong>\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong>\u8ba9\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u80fd\u5b58\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5b66\u4e60<strong>\u6a21\u677f\u6e32\u67d3<\/strong>\u8ba9\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u6f02\u4eae\u7684 HTML \u9875\u9762\uff1f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\uff08View Functions\uff09 \u662f Flask \u5e94&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-flask-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/169","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=169"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/169\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":170,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/169\/revisions\/170"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}