{"id":143,"date":"2026-06-16T14:42:35","date_gmt":"2026-06-16T06:42:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=143"},"modified":"2026-06-16T14:42:35","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T06:42:35","slug":"fastapi-%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e4%bd%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2026\/06\/16\/fastapi-%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e4%bd%93\/","title":{"rendered":"FastAPI \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 FastAPI \u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\uff08Request Body\uff09<\/strong> \u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e <code>POST<\/code>\u3001<code>PUT<\/code>\u3001<code>PATCH<\/code> \u7b49\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4e14\u9ed8\u8ba4\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a <strong>JSON<\/strong> (<code>application\/json<\/code>)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FastAPI \u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6b66\u5668\u662f <strong>Pydantic \u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0cFastAPI \u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\uff1a<strong>\u8bfb\u53d6 JSON -&gt; \u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362 -&gt; \u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1 -&gt; \u751f\u6210 API \u6587\u6863<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7528\u6cd5\u548c\u8fdb\u9636\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u57fa\u7840\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5bfc\u5165 <code>BaseModel<\/code> \u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><span>18<\/span><span>19<\/span><span>20<\/span><span>21<\/span><span>22<\/span><span>23<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from typing import Annotated\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\n# 1. \u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\nclass Item(BaseModel):\n    name: str\n    description: str | None = None  # \u53ef\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5\n    price: float\n    tax: float | None = None        # \u53ef\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5\n\n# 2. \u5728\u8def\u7531\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\n@app.post(&quot;\/items\/&quot;)\nasync def create_item(item: Item):\n    # FastAPI \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f20\u5165\u7684 JSON \u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408 Item \u6a21\u578b\n    # \u5982\u679c\u7b26\u5408\uff0citem \u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a Item \u5b9e\u4f8b\n    return {\n        &quot;item_name&quot;: item.name,\n        &quot;item_price&quot;: item.price,\n        &quot;item_dict&quot;: item.model_dump() # Pydantic V2 \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\n    }<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001 <code>{\"name\": \"Laptop\", \"price\": 999.99}<\/code>\uff0cFastAPI \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u9001 <code>{\"price\": \"not_a_number\"}<\/code>\uff0cFastAPI \u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u6e05\u6670\u7684 422 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u5b57\u6bb5\u7ea7\u9a8c\u8bc1 (\u4f7f\u7528 <code>Field<\/code>)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u5982\u6700\u5c0f\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u6570\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u3001\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pydantic.Field<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from pydantic import BaseModel, Field\n\nclass User(BaseModel):\n    username: str = Field(min_length=3, max_length=50, description=&quot;\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u540d&quot;)\n    age: int = Field(ge=18, le=120, description=&quot;\u5e74\u9f84\u5fc5\u987b\u5728 18 \u5230 120 \u4e4b\u95f4&quot;)\n    email: str = Field(pattern=r&#039;^[\\w\\.-]+@[\\w\\.-]+\\.\\w+$&#039;, description=&quot;\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u90ae\u7bb1&quot;)\n\n@app.post(&quot;\/users\/&quot;)\nasync def create_user(user: User):\n    return {&quot;message&quot;: &quot;User created&quot;, &quot;user&quot;: user.model_dump()}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u8fd9\u4e9b <code>description<\/code> \u8fd8\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u540c\u6b65\u5230 Swagger UI (<code>\/docs<\/code>) \u4e2d\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u63d0\u5347 API \u6587\u6863\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u5d4c\u5957\u6a21\u578b (\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742 JSON)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u652f\u6301\u5d4c\u5957\u7684 JSON \u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from typing import List\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel\n\nclass Image(BaseModel):\n    url: str\n    name: str\n\nclass Item(BaseModel):\n    name: str\n    price: float\n    images: List[Image] | None = None  # \u5d4c\u5957\u6a21\u578b\u5217\u8868\n\n@app.post(&quot;\/items\/complex\/&quot;)\nasync def create_complex_item(item: Item):\n    return item<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\uff1a<code>{\"name\": \"Phone\", \"price\": 500, \"images\": [{\"url\": \"http:\/\/...\", \"name\": \"front\"}]}<\/code><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u667a\u80fd\u533a\u5206\uff1a\u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570 + \u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570 + \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FastAPI \u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5b83\u80fd<strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u65ad<\/strong>\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\uff0cFastAPI \u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><span>18<\/span><span>19<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from typing import Annotated\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI, Path, Query\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\nclass Item(BaseModel):\n    name: str\n    price: float\n\n@app.put(&quot;\/items\/{item_id}&quot;)\nasync def update_item(\n    item_id: Annotated[int, Path(description=&quot;The ID of the item to update&quot;)], # 1. \u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570\n    q: Annotated[str | None, Query(description=&quot;Some query string&quot;)] = None,   # 2. \u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570 (?q=...)\n    item: Item,                                                                # 3. \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53 (JSON)\n):\n    results = {&quot;item_id&quot;: item_id, &quot;item&quot;: item}\n    if q:\n        results.update({&quot;q&quot;: q})\n    return results<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>FastAPI \u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\uff08\u5982 <code>{item_id}<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u662f<strong>\u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u7c7b\u578b\uff08<code>str<\/code>, <code>int<\/code>, <code>float<\/code>, <code>bool<\/code> \u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f<strong>\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u662f Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f<strong>\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u53c2\u6570 (\u4f7f\u7528 <code>Body<\/code>)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cFastAPI \u671f\u671b\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f60\u7684 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\u3002<br>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u58f0\u660e\u4e86<strong>\u591a\u4e2a<\/strong> Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0cFastAPI \u4f1a\u671f\u671b\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u540d\u79f0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u952e\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u6807\u51c6\u7684 JSON\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5d4c\u5957\u5b57\u5178\uff09\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>Body(embed=True)<\/code> \u5f3a\u5236\u5c06\u53c2\u6570\u5d4c\u5165\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u7684\u9876\u5c42\uff0c\u6216\u8005\uff08\u66f4\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff09<strong>\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7684 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\u4e2d<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff08\u9700\u8981 embed=True\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from fastapi import Body\n\n@app.post(&quot;\/multi-body\/&quot;)\nasync def multi_body(\n    item: Item,\n    user: User,\n    # \u5f3a\u5236 FastAPI \u671f\u671b JSON \u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a: {&quot;item&quot;: {...}, &quot;user&quot;: {...}}\n    importance: Annotated[int, Body(embed=True, description=&quot;Priority level&quot;)] \n):\n    return {&quot;item&quot;: item, &quot;user&quot;: user, &quot;importance&quot;: importance}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u2705 \u63a8\u8350\u505a\u6cd5\uff08\u5408\u5e76\u6a21\u578b\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">class CreateOrderRequest(BaseModel):\n    item: Item\n    user: User\n    importance: int = Field(description=&quot;Priority level&quot;)\n\n@app.post(&quot;\/orders\/&quot;)\nasync def create_order(request: CreateOrderRequest):\n    return request.model_dump()<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a Request \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u4e14\u751f\u6210\u7684 Swagger \u6587\u6863\u66f4\u6574\u6d01\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u5904\u7406\u989d\u5916\u7684\u672a\u77e5\u5b57\u6bb5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728 JSON \u4e2d\u53d1\u9001\u4e86 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\u4e2d<strong>\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong>\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0cPydantic \u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5ffd\u7565\u5b83\u4eec\uff08\u5728 V2 \u4e2d\u8fd9\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f46\u660e\u786e\u58f0\u660e\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u4e60\u60ef\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3<strong>\u4e25\u683c\u62d2\u7edd<\/strong>\u4efb\u4f55\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict\n\nclass StrictItem(BaseModel):\n    model_config = ConfigDict(extra=&quot;forbid&quot;) # \u62d2\u7edd\u989d\u5916\u5b57\u6bb5\n\n    name: str\n    price: float\n\n@app.post(&quot;\/strict-items\/&quot;)\nasync def create_strict_item(item: StrictItem):\n    return item<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001 <code>{\"name\": \"A\", \"price\": 10, \"extra_field\": \"oops\"}<\/code>\uff0cFastAPI \u5c06\u8fd4\u56de 422 \u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f7f\u7528 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u5c1d\u8bd5\u624b\u52a8\u89e3\u6790 <code>request.json()<\/code>\uff0c\u8ba9 Pydantic \u4e3a\u4f60\u505a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>Annotated<\/code> \u548c <code>Field<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u9a8c\u8bc1\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u5982 <code>min_length<\/code>, <code>gt<\/code>\uff09\u548c\u6587\u6863\u63cf\u8ff0\uff08<code>description<\/code>\uff09\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u590d\u6742\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f7f\u7528 Wrapper \u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u9012\u591a\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u989d\u5916\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684 <code>XxxRequest<\/code> \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u8def\u7531\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5806\u780c\u591a\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5229\u7528 <code>\/docs<\/code> \u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1aFastAPI \u7684 Swagger UI \u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684 JSON \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u91cc\u70b9\u51fb &#8220;Try it out&#8221; \u5373\u53ef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4f60\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3 <strong>FastAPI \u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u6a21\u578b (Response Model)<\/strong>\uff08\u5982\u4f55\u63a7\u5236\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f <strong>\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406 (Exception Handling)<\/strong>\uff1f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728 FastAPI \u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\uff08Request Body\uff09 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-143","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fastapi-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=143"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":144,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143\/revisions\/144"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=143"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=143"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}