{"id":129,"date":"2025-11-24T14:34:37","date_gmt":"2025-11-24T06:34:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=129"},"modified":"2025-11-24T14:34:37","modified_gmt":"2025-11-24T06:34:37","slug":"%e6%b5%85%e8%b0%88xml%e4%bb%a3%e7%a0%81%e7%bc%96%e5%86%99%e7%9a%84%e7%bc%96%e7%a0%81%e4%b8%8e%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/24\/%e6%b5%85%e8%b0%88xml%e4%bb%a3%e7%a0%81%e7%bc%96%e5%86%99%e7%9a%84%e7%bc%96%e7%a0%81%e4%b8%8e%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6d45\u8c08XML\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u95ee\u9898"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u4efd\u7b80\u660e\u4f46\u4e13\u4e1a\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u300a\u6d45\u8c08 XML \u7f16\u7801\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u95ee\u9898\u300b\u6307\u5357<\/strong>\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5165\u95e8\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udcd8 \u4e00\u3001XML \u7f16\u7801\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e3a\u4f55\u91cd\u8981\uff1f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

XML \u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\u3002
\u800c\u4e00\u4efd XML \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u89e3\u51b3\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. \u7f16\u7801\uff08Encoding\uff09<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u786e\u4fdd XML \u6587\u672c\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u663e\u793a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u9a8c\u8bc1\uff08Validation\uff09<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u786e\u4fdd XML \u6587\u6863\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5408\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u7f16\u7801\u51b3\u5b9a \u80fd\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u89e3\u6790<\/em>\uff0c
    \u9a8c\u8bc1\u51b3\u5b9a \u89e3\u6790\u540e\u662f\u5426\u5408\u89c4<\/em>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n\n

    \ud83d\udcd8 \u4e8c\u3001XML \u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff08Encoding\uff09\u95ee\u9898<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

    XML \u6587\u6863\u5f00\u5934\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n

    \n&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \u2714 1. encoding \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \u5b83\u544a\u8bc9\u89e3\u6790\u5668 XML \u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • UTF-8\uff08\u6700\u5e38\u7528\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • UTF-16<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • ISO-8859-1<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • GB2312 \/ GBK\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u65e7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e38\u89c1\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      \u2714 2. \u5e38\u89c1\u7f16\u7801\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      (1) \u5b57\u7b26\u4e71\u7801\uff08typical\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u6587\u4ef6\u5b9e\u9645\u7f16\u7801\u4e0e XML \u58f0\u660e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u7cfb\u7edf\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u7f16\u7801\u9519\u8bef<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u9ed8\u8ba4\u91c7\u7528 ISO-8859-1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \u89e3\u51b3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-8<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u4e5f\u9700\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a UTF-8 without BOM<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 header\uff1a
          Content-Type: application\/xml; charset=UTF-8<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          (2) \u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u672a\u8f6c\u4e49<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          XML \u4e2d\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u5b57\u7b26<\/th>\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u5f0f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
          <<\/code><\/td>&lt;<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          ><\/code><\/td>&gt;<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          &<\/code><\/td>&amp;<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          '<\/code><\/td>&apos;<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          \"<\/code><\/td>&quot;<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
          \u9519\u8bef\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n
          \n&lt;name>Tom &amp; Jerry&lt;\/name>\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
          \u6b63\u786e\u5199\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n
          \n&lt;name>Tom &amp;amp; Jerry&lt;\/name>\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          (3) BOM\uff08Byte Order Mark\uff09\u5bfc\u81f4\u89e3\u6790\u5931\u8d25<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \u4e00\u4e9b\u8001\u65e7\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7 UTF-8 BOM\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u5efa\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • \u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a UTF-8 \u65e0 BOM<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u6e05\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u5220\u9664 BOM<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            (4) \u4e2d\u6587\u3001Emoji \u7f16\u7801\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            \u5982\u679c\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u4ec5\u652f\u6301 UTF-8\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528 GBK\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            \ud83d\udcd8 \u4e09\u3001XML \u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff08Validation\uff09\u673a\u5236<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
            \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5c31\u662f\u68c0\u67e5 XML \u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \u4e09\u7c7b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f<\/th>\u7b80\u4ecb<\/th>\u80fd\u529b<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
            Well-formed\uff08\u683c\u5f0f\u826f\u597d\uff09<\/strong><\/td>\u6700\u57fa\u672c\uff1a\u6807\u7b7e\u6210\u5bf9\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u5408\u6cd5<\/td>\u68c0\u67e5\u8bed\u6cd5<\/td><\/tr>
            DTD \u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><\/td>\u6839\u636e DTD \u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u68c0\u67e5 XML<\/td>\u7ed3\u6784\u5408\u6cd5\u6027<\/td><\/tr>
            XSD Schema \u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><\/td>\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u3001\u652f\u6301\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\u5f3a\u6821\u9a8c\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            \ud83d\udcd8 \u56db\u3001Well-formed\uff08\u826f\u6784\u6027\uff09\u7684\u5173\u952e\u89c4\u5219<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
            XML \u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u201c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e\u201d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n