{"id":122,"date":"2026-06-14T10:00:45","date_gmt":"2026-06-14T02:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=122"},"modified":"2026-06-14T10:00:45","modified_gmt":"2026-06-14T02:00:45","slug":"fastapi-%e4%be%9d%e8%b5%96%e6%b3%a8%e5%85%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2026\/06\/14\/fastapi-%e4%be%9d%e8%b5%96%e6%b3%a8%e5%85%a5\/","title":{"rendered":"FastAPI \u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 FastAPI \u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\uff08Dependency Injection, DI\uff09<\/strong> \u662f\u5176\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u6700\u5177\u6807\u5fd7\u6027\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u58f0\u660e\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u9700\u7684\u201c\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u201d\uff08\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u3001\u5206\u9875\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\uff09\uff0cFastAPI \u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u4f60\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u6267\u884c\u5e76\u6ce8\u5165\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u597d\u5904\u662f\uff1a<strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u9ad8\u5ea6\u590d\u7528\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u89e3\u8026\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6781\u5176\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u4ece<strong>\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u6838\u5fc3\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\u5230<strong>\u8fdb\u9636\u6280\u5de7<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f60\u7cfb\u7edf\u68b3\u7406 FastAPI \u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001 \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<code>Depends<\/code><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u666e\u901a\u7684 Python \u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\uff08\u6216\u7c7b\uff09\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u8def\u7531\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>Depends()<\/code> \u5305\u88f9\u5b83\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><span>18<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from fastapi import FastAPI, Depends\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\n# 1. \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879 (\u666e\u901a\u7684 Python \u51fd\u6570)\ndef common_parameters(q: str | None = None, skip: int = 0, limit: int = 100):\n    return {&quot;q&quot;: q, &quot;skip&quot;: skip, &quot;limit&quot;: limit}\n\n# 2. \u5728\u8def\u7531\u4e2d\u6ce8\u5165\u4f9d\u8d56\n@app.get(&quot;\/items\/&quot;)\ndef read_items(commons: dict = Depends(common_parameters)):\n    # commons \u5c31\u662f common_parameters \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\n    return {&quot;message&quot;: &quot;\u83b7\u53d6\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868&quot;, &quot;params&quot;: commons}\n\n@app.get(&quot;\/users\/&quot;)\ndef read_users(commons: dict = Depends(common_parameters)):\n    # \u590d\u7528\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff01\n    return {&quot;message&quot;: &quot;\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868&quot;, &quot;params&quot;: commons}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\ud83d\udca1 \u63d0\u793a\uff1aFastAPI \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8bfb\u53d6 <code>common_parameters<\/code> \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u5e76\u5728 Swagger UI \u4e2d\u5c06\u5176\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001 \u56db\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f \ud83c\udf1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406 (\u4f7f\u7528 <code>yield<\/code> \u7684\u751f\u6210\u5668\u4f9d\u8d56)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f FastAPI \u4e2d\u6700\u7ecf\u5178\u3001\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 <code>yield<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c<strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u6e05\u7406\u903b\u8f91<\/strong>\uff08\u5982\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6216\u56de\u6eda\u4e8b\u52a1\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><span>18<\/span><span>19<\/span><span>20<\/span><span>21<\/span><span>22<\/span><span>23<\/span><span>24<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI\n# \u5047\u8bbe\u4f7f\u7528 SQLAlchemy\n# from sqlalchemy import create_engine\n# from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, Session\n\n# engine = create_engine(&quot;sqlite:\/\/\/.\/test.db&quot;)\n# SessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine)\n\n# 1. \u5b9a\u4e49\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879 (\u751f\u6210\u5668\u51fd\u6570)\ndef get_db():\n    # db = SessionLocal()  # \u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f1a\u8bdd\n    db = &quot;MockDBSession&quot;   # \u8fd9\u91cc\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6a21\u62df\n    try:\n        yield db           # \u5c06 db \u6ce8\u5165\u7ed9\u8def\u7531\u51fd\u6570\n    finally:\n        # \u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u91cc\n        # db.close()       # \u786e\u4fdd\u8fde\u63a5\u88ab\u5b89\u5168\u5173\u95ed\n        print(&quot;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5df2\u5173\u95ed&quot;)\n\n# 2. \u5728\u8def\u7531\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\n@app.get(&quot;\/users\/&quot;)\ndef read_users(db: str = Depends(get_db)):\n    # users = db.query(User).all()\n    return {&quot;db_session&quot;: db, &quot;users&quot;: [&quot;Alice&quot;, &quot;Bob&quot;]}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u6821\u9a8c (Security)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6765\u62e6\u622a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6821\u9a8c Token \u6216\u6743\u9650\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6821\u9a8c\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u629b\u51fa <code>HTTPException<\/code>\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u51fd\u6570\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException, status, Header\n\n# \u6a21\u62df\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\ndef get_current_user(x_token: str = Header(...)):\n    if x_token != &quot;my-super-secret-token&quot;:\n        raise HTTPException(\n            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,\n            detail=&quot;Invalid authentication credentials&quot;,\n            headers={&quot;WWW-Authenticate&quot;: &quot;Bearer&quot;},\n        )\n    return {&quot;username&quot;: &quot;admin&quot;, &quot;role&quot;: &quot;superuser&quot;}\n\n# \u53ea\u6709\u643a\u5e26\u6b63\u786e Token \u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u6b64\u8def\u7531\n@app.get(&quot;\/protected-data&quot;)\ndef read_protected_data(current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user)):\n    return {&quot;message&quot;: f&quot;\u6b22\u8fce, {current_user[&#039;username&#039;]}!&quot;, &quot;data&quot;: &quot;\u673a\u5bc6\u4fe1\u606f&quot;}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56 (\u5d4c\u5957\u4f9d\u8d56)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u58f0\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002FastAPI \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6784\u5efa\u4f9d\u8d56\u6811\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u53ea\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u88ab\u591a\u6b21\u5f15\u7528\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">def get_query(q: str | None = None):\n    return q\n\ndef get_token_header(x_token: str = Header(...)):\n    return x_token\n\n# \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\ndef get_current_user_with_query(\n    q: str = Depends(get_query),\n    token: str = Depends(get_token_header)\n):\n    return {&quot;query&quot;: q, &quot;token&quot;: token}\n\n@app.get(&quot;\/advanced\/&quot;)\ndef advanced_route(user_info: dict = Depends(get_current_user_with_query)):\n    return user_info<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u8def\u7531\u7ea7\u6216\u5168\u5c40\u4f9d\u8d56 (Dependencies at the router\/app level)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u67d0\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e<strong>\u6574\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668<\/strong>\u6216<strong>\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 <code>APIRouter<\/code> \u6216 <code>FastAPI<\/code> \u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u58f0\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends\n\n# \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\ndef log_request():\n    print(&quot;\ud83d\udcdd \u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42&quot;)\n\n# \u5c06\u6b64\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8def\u7531\u4e0a\nrouter = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(log_request)])\n\n@router.get(&quot;\/items\/&quot;)\ndef get_items():\n    return [&quot;item1&quot;, &quot;item2&quot;] # \u8bbf\u95ee\u6b64\u8def\u7531\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5148\u6267\u884c log_request\n\napp.include_router(router, prefix=&quot;\/api&quot;)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001 \u8fdb\u9636\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u4f9d\u8d56\u8986\u76d6 (Override Dependencies)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf<strong>\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6740\u624b\u950f<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e<strong>\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 Mock\uff08\u6a21\u62df\uff09\u51fd\u6570\u66ff\u6362\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff08\u5982\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6216\u5916\u90e8 API \u8c03\u7528\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># main.py\ndef get_db():\n    return &quot;RealProductionDatabase&quot;\n\n@app.get(&quot;\/items\/&quot;)\ndef read_items(db: str = Depends(get_db)):\n    return {&quot;db&quot;: db}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><span>16<\/span><span>17<\/span><span>18<\/span><span>19<\/span><span>20<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># test_main.py\nfrom fastapi.testclient import TestClient\nfrom main import app, get_db\n\n# 1. \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\ndef override_get_db():\n    return &quot;MockTestDatabase&quot;\n\n# 2. \u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u524d\u8986\u76d6\u4f9d\u8d56\napp.dependency_overrides[get_db] = override_get_db\n\nclient = TestClient(app)\n\ndef test_read_items():\n    response = client.get(&quot;\/items\/&quot;)\n    assert response.status_code == 200\n    assert response.json() == {&quot;db&quot;: &quot;MockTestDatabase&quot;} # \u6210\u529f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 Mock \u6570\u636e\n\n# 3. \u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u6e05\u9664\u8986\u76d6 (\u53ef\u9009\uff0c\u4f46\u63a8\u8350)\napp.dependency_overrides.clear()<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001 \u7c7b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879 (Classes as Dependencies)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9664\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\u7c7b<\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002FastAPI \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u8be5\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u6ce8\u5165\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u5c01\u88c5\u590d\u6742\u903b\u8f91\uff08\u5982\u5206\u9875\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6743\u9650\u6821\u9a8c\u5668\uff09\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from fastapi import Depends, Query\n\nclass Paginator:\n    def __init__(self, skip: int = Query(0, ge=0), limit: int = Query(10, le=100)):\n        self.skip = skip\n        self.limit = limit\n\n@app.get(&quot;\/users\/&quot;)\ndef get_users(pagination: Paginator = Depends(Paginator)):\n    # FastAPI \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528 Paginator(skip=..., limit=...)\n    return {&quot;skip&quot;: pagination.skip, &quot;limit&quot;: pagination.limit}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001 \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u907f\u5751\u6307\u5357<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a (Type Hints)<\/strong>\uff1aFastAPI \u4f9d\u8d56\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u751f\u6210\u6587\u6863\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728 Swagger UI \u4e2d\u6b63\u786e\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u751f\u6210\u5668\u4f9d\u8d56 (<code>yield<\/code>) \u5fc5\u987b\u914d\u5408 <code>try...finally<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u65e0\u8bba\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u5426\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u5982 DB \u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\uff09\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u6e05\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u907f\u514d\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u526f\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u91cf\u662f\u201c\u7eaf\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90\/\u6821\u9a8c\u6743\u9650\u3002\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u5e94\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u8def\u7531\u51fd\u6570\u6216 Service \u5c42\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u8981\u6ee5\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u4f9d\u8d56<\/strong>\uff1a\u867d\u7136 <code>app.include_router(..., dependencies=[...])<\/code> \u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4f46\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee3\u7801\u9690\u5f0f\u884c\u4e3a\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u6ce8\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u901f\u67e5\u8868<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u573a\u666f<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u63a8\u8350\u6a21\u5f0f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u63d0\u53d6\u516c\u5171\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570 + <code>Depends(func)<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\/\u8d44\u6e90\u6e05\u7406<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u751f\u6210\u5668\u51fd\u6570 (<code>yield<\/code>) + <code>try...finally<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u6743\u9650\u6821\u9a8c\/Token \u9a8c\u8bc1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u629b\u51fa <code>HTTPException<\/code> \u7684\u51fd\u6570 + <code>Depends<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5c01\u88c5\u590d\u6742\u914d\u7f6e (\u5982\u5206\u9875)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u4f7f\u7528 Class + <code>Depends(ClassName)<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u7f16\u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5 (Mock \u6570\u636e)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>app.dependency_overrides[real_dep] = mock_dep<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u662f FastAPI \u4ece\u201c\u597d\u7528\u201d\u8fc8\u5411\u201c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5de5\u7a0b\u5316\u201d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u4f60\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6216\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u91cd\u6784\u4e3a <code>Depends<\/code> \u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f53\u9a8c\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u8026\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6e05\u723d\u611f\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 <strong>JWT Token \u89e3\u6790<\/strong> \u6216 <strong>\u591a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u52a8\u6001\u5207\u6362<\/strong>\uff09\u65f6\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u968f\u65f6\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6a21\u677f\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728 FastAPI \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\uff08Dependency In&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-122","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fastapi-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=122"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":123,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122\/revisions\/123"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=122"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}