{"id":1186,"date":"2026-01-04T08:54:09","date_gmt":"2026-01-04T00:54:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=1186"},"modified":"2026-01-04T08:54:09","modified_gmt":"2026-01-04T00:54:09","slug":"http%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2026\/01\/04\/http%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3\/","title":{"rendered":"HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u4efd\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u901a\u4fd7\u53c8\u504f\u5b9e\u6218\u7684\u300aHTTP \u534f\u8bae\u8be6\u89e3\u300b<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ece\u539f\u7406 \u2192 \u62a5\u6587 \u2192 \u65b9\u6cd5 \u2192 \u72b6\u6001\u7801 \u2192 \u7279\u6027 \u2192 HTTP\/1.1 vs HTTP\/2\/3 \u2192 \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\u4e00\u6b65\u5230\u4f4d\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4f60\u505a\u6280\u672f\u535a\u5ba2 \/ \u9762\u8bd5 \/ \u8fd0\u7ef4 \/ Web \u5f00\u53d1<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001HTTP \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

HTTP\uff08HyperText Transfer Protocol\uff09<\/strong>
\ud83d\udc49 \u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>
\ud83d\udc49 \u7528\u4e8e \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff08\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff09 \u4e0e \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong> \u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1
\ud83d\udc49 \u5c5e\u4e8e \u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udccc \u672c\u8d28\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

HTTP \u662f\u4e00\u5957\u201c\u8bf7\u6c42\u2014\u54cd\u5e94\u201d\u89c4\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1\ufe0f\u20e3 HTTP \u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u7279\u6027<\/th>\u8bf4\u660e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5<\/td>\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u72ec\u7acb\uff08HTTP\/1.x\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u65e0\u72b6\u6001<\/td>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u72b6\u6001<\/td><\/tr>
\u660e\u6587\u4f20\u8f93<\/td>HTTP \u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u52a0\u5bc6<\/td><\/tr>
\u57fa\u4e8e TCP<\/td>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3 80<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n

\u65e0\u72b6\u6001 \u2192 \u624d\u6709\u4e86 Cookie \/ Session \/ Token<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u3001HTTP \u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff08\u4e00\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff09<\/h1>\n\n\n
\n\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668 \u2192 DNS\u89e3\u6790 \u2192 \u5efa\u7acbTCP\u8fde\u63a5 \u2192 \u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\n                                    \u2193\n                               \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\n                                    \u2193\n\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668 \u2190 \u63a5\u6536HTTP\u54cd\u5e94 \u2190 \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e \u2190\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u4e09\u3001HTTP \u62a5\u6587\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u6838\u5fc3\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
1\ufe0f\u20e3 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587<\/h2>\n\n\n
\nGET \/index.html HTTP\/1.1\nHost: www.example.com\nUser-Agent: Chrome\/120\nAccept: text\/html\nCookie: uid=123\n\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587 = 4 \u90e8\u5206<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
1\ufe0f\u20e3 \u8bf7\u6c42\u884c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n
\n\u65b9\u6cd5 URL \u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
2\ufe0f\u20e3 \u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff08Headers\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
3\ufe0f\u20e3 \u7a7a\u884c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
4\ufe0f\u20e3 \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\uff08Body\uff09<\/strong>\uff08GET \u901a\u5e38\u6ca1\u6709\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
2\ufe0f\u20e3 HTTP \u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587<\/h2>\n\n\n
\nHTTP\/1.1 200 OK\nContent-Type: text\/html\nContent-Length: 1024\nSet-Cookie: uid=123\n\n&lt;html>...&lt;\/html>\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587 = 4 \u90e8\u5206<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
1\ufe0f\u20e3 \u72b6\u6001\u884c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n
\n\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c \u72b6\u6001\u7801 \u72b6\u6001\u63cf\u8ff0\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
2\ufe0f\u20e3 \u54cd\u5e94\u5934<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
3\ufe0f\u20e3 \u7a7a\u884c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
4\ufe0f\u20e3 \u54cd\u5e94\u4f53<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u56db\u3001HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08Methods\uff09<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>\u7528\u9014<\/th>\u662f\u5426\u6709 Body<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
GET<\/td>\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e<\/td>\u274c<\/td><\/tr>
POST<\/td>\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e<\/td>\u2705<\/td><\/tr>
PUT<\/td>\u66f4\u65b0\u8d44\u6e90<\/td>\u2705<\/td><\/tr>
DELETE<\/td>\u5220\u9664\u8d44\u6e90<\/td>\u274c<\/td><\/tr>
HEAD<\/td>\u53ea\u8981\u54cd\u5e94\u5934<\/td>\u274c<\/td><\/tr>
OPTIONS<\/td>\u67e5\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u652f\u6301\u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\u274c<\/td><\/tr>
PATCH<\/td>\u5c40\u90e8\u66f4\u65b0<\/td>\u2705<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\ud83d\udccc \u9762\u8bd5\u9ad8\u9891<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • GET \u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • POST \u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4ea4<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • PUT \u5168\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • PATCH \u5c40\u90e8\u66f4\u65b0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \u4e94\u3001HTTP \u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff08\u5fc5\u8003\uff09<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
    1\ufe0f\u20e3 1xx \u4fe1\u606f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/th>\u542b\u4e49<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    100<\/td>\u7ee7\u7eed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    2\ufe0f\u20e3 2xx \u6210\u529f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/th>\u542b\u4e49<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    200<\/td>\u6210\u529f<\/td><\/tr>
    201<\/td>\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f<\/td><\/tr>
    204<\/td>\u6210\u529f\u4f46\u65e0\u8fd4\u56de<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    3\ufe0f\u20e3 3xx \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/th>\u542b\u4e49<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    301<\/td>\u6c38\u4e45\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td><\/tr>
    302<\/td>\u4e34\u65f6\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td><\/tr>
    304<\/td>\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \ud83d\udccc 304 = \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    4\ufe0f\u20e3 4xx \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9519\u8bef<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/th>\u542b\u4e49<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    400<\/td>\u8bf7\u6c42\u9519\u8bef<\/td><\/tr>
    401<\/td>\u672a\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/td><\/tr>
    403<\/td>\u65e0\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr>
    404<\/td>\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728<\/td><\/tr>
    429<\/td>\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fc7\u591a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    5\ufe0f\u20e3 5xx \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9519\u8bef<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/th>\u542b\u4e49<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    500<\/td>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9519\u8bef<\/td><\/tr>
    502<\/td>\u7f51\u5173\u9519\u8bef<\/td><\/tr>
    503<\/td>\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528<\/td><\/tr>
    504<\/td>\u7f51\u5173\u8d85\u65f6<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \u516d\u3001HTTP \u5e38\u89c1\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934 & \u54cd\u5e94\u5934<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
    1\ufe0f\u20e3 \u5e38\u89c1\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    Header<\/th>\u4f5c\u7528<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Host<\/td>\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a<\/td><\/tr>
    User-Agent<\/td>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr>
    Accept<\/td>\u63a5\u6536\u7c7b\u578b<\/td><\/tr>
    Authorization<\/td>\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr>
    Cookie<\/td>\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    2\ufe0f\u20e3 \u5e38\u89c1\u54cd\u5e94\u5934<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    Header<\/th>\u4f5c\u7528<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Content-Type<\/td>\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/td><\/tr>
    Content-Length<\/td>\u5185\u5bb9\u957f\u5ea6<\/td><\/tr>
    Set-Cookie<\/td>\u8bbe\u7f6e Cookie<\/td><\/tr>
    Cache-Control<\/td>\u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565<\/td><\/tr>
    Location<\/td>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5730\u5740<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \u4e03\u3001HTTP \u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
    1\ufe0f\u20e3 \u5f3a\u7f13\u5b58<\/h2>\n\n\n
    \nCache-Control: max-age=3600\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
    \ud83d\udccc \u4e0d\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    2\ufe0f\u20e3 \u534f\u5546\u7f13\u5b58<\/h2>\n\n\n
    \nIf-Modified-Since\nIf-None-Match\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
    \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n
    \n304 Not Modified\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \u516b\u3001HTTP \u4e0e HTTPS \u7684\u533a\u522b\uff08\u5fc5\u95ee\uff09<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
    \u5bf9\u6bd4\u9879<\/th>HTTP<\/th>HTTPS<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    \u662f\u5426\u52a0\u5bc6<\/td>\u274c<\/td>\u2705<\/td><\/tr>
    \u7aef\u53e3<\/td>80<\/td>443<\/td><\/tr>
    \u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/td>\u4f4e<\/td>\u9ad8<\/td><\/tr>
    \u6027\u80fd<\/td>\u5feb<\/td>\u7a0d\u6162\uff08\u53ef\u5ffd\u7565\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \ud83d\udccc HTTPS = HTTP + SSL\/TLS<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \u4e5d\u3001HTTP \u7248\u672c\u6f14\u8fdb<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
    1\ufe0f\u20e3 HTTP\/1.0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n