{"id":118,"date":"2026-06-14T09:58:21","date_gmt":"2026-06-14T01:58:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/?p=118"},"modified":"2026-06-14T09:58:21","modified_gmt":"2026-06-14T01:58:21","slug":"fastapi-%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e5%92%8c%e5%93%8d%e5%ba%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/2026\/06\/14\/fastapi-%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e5%92%8c%e5%93%8d%e5%ba%94\/","title":{"rendered":"FastAPI \u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 FastAPI \u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08Request\uff09<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u54cd\u5e94\uff08Response\uff09<\/strong>\u7684\u5904\u7406\u662f\u5176\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u3001\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002FastAPI \u57fa\u4e8e <strong>Pydantic<\/strong> \u6a21\u578b\u548c Python <strong>\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u548c\u6587\u6863\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u4ece<strong>\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u54cd\u5e94\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\u5230<strong>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6280\u5de7<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f60\u7cfb\u7edf\u68b3\u7406 FastAPI \u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u54cd\u5e94\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001 \u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406 (Handling Requests)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FastAPI \u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u5b83\u671f\u671b\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6839\u636e\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cFastAPI \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570 (Path Parameters)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece URL \u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">@app.get(&quot;\/items\/{item_id}&quot;)\ndef get_item(item_id: int):  # item_id \u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684 {item_id} \u540c\u540d\n    return {&quot;item_id&quot;: item_id}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570 (Query Parameters)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece URL \u7684 <code>?key=value<\/code> \u90e8\u5206\u63d0\u53d6\u3002\u4efb\u4f55<strong>\u4e0d\u5728\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u58f0\u660e<\/strong>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\"># \u8bbf\u95ee: \/items\/?skip=0&amp;limit=10\n@app.get(&quot;\/items\/&quot;)\ndef list_items(skip: int = 0, limit: int = 10):\n    return {&quot;skip&quot;: skip, &quot;limit&quot;: limit}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53 (Request Body) &#8211; POST\/PUT\/PATCH<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u590d\u6742\u7684 JSON \u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <strong>Pydantic \u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002FastAPI \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8bfb\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684 JSON\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a Pydantic \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from pydantic import BaseModel, Field\n\nclass Item(BaseModel):\n    name: str\n    price: float\n    description: str | None = None\n    tags: list[str] = []\n\n@app.post(&quot;\/items\/&quot;)\ndef create_item(item: Item):\n    # item \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684 Pydantic \u5bf9\u8c61\n    print(item.name) \n    return item<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a\u8def\u5f84 + \u67e5\u8be2 + \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FastAPI \u80fd\u667a\u80fd\u533a\u5206\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6b63\u786e\u58f0\u660e\u53c2\u6570\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">@app.put(&quot;\/items\/{item_id}&quot;)\ndef update_item(\n    item_id: int,           # \u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570\n    q: str | None = None,   # \u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\n    item: Item              # \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\n):\n    return {&quot;item_id&quot;: item_id, &quot;query&quot;: q, &quot;updated_item&quot;: item}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u5176\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u6e90<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Header<\/strong>: \u4f7f\u7528 <code>Header<\/code> \u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<br><code>python from fastapi import Header def read_items(user_agent: str | None = Header(None)): return {\"User-Agent\": user_agent}<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cookie<\/strong>: \u4f7f\u7528 <code>Cookie<\/code> \u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<br><code>python from fastapi import Cookie def read_items(session_id: str | None = Cookie(None)): return {\"session_id\": session_id}<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Form Data<\/strong>: \u4f7f\u7528 <code>Form<\/code> \u4f9d\u8d56 (\u9700\u5b89\u88c5 <code>python-multipart<\/code>)\u3002<br><code>python from fastapi import Form def login(username: str = Form(), password: str = Form()): return {\"username\": username}<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Files<\/strong>: \u4f7f\u7528 <code>File<\/code> \u548c <code>UploadFile<\/code>\u3002<br><code>python from fastapi import File, UploadFile def upload_file(file: UploadFile = File(...)): return {\"filename\": file.filename}<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001 \u54cd\u5e94\u63a7\u5236 (Handling Responses)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cFastAPI \u4f1a\u5c06\u4f60\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff08\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u5217\u8868\u3001Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\uff09\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <strong>JSON \u683c\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4e3a <strong>200 OK<\/strong>\u3002\u4f46\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7cbe\u7ec6\u63a7\u5236\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u4f7f\u7528 <code>response_model<\/code> (\u63a8\u8350 \ud83c\udf1f)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f FastAPI \u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u5e8f\u5217\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\u8f6c\u4e3a JSON\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ea\u8fd4\u56de\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u9690\u85cf\u5bc6\u7801\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u751f\u6210\u6587\u6863<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728 Swagger UI \u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u9884\u671f\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">class UserOut(BaseModel):\n    username: str\n    email: str\n    # \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49 password\n\nclass UserIn(BaseModel):\n    username: str\n    email: str\n    password: str\n\n@app.post(&quot;\/users\/&quot;, response_model=UserOut)\ndef create_user(user: UserIn):\n    # \u5373\u4f7f\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u5305\u542b password \u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0cresponse_model \u4e5f\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\n    return {&quot;username&quot;: user.username, &quot;email&quot;: user.email, &quot;password&quot;: &quot;secret&quot;}\n    # \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b9e\u9645\u6536\u5230: {&quot;username&quot;: &quot;...&quot;, &quot;email&quot;: &quot;...&quot;}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528 <code>status_code<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u6216 <code>Response<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><span>12<\/span><span>13<\/span><span>14<\/span><span>15<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from fastapi import status\n\n# \u65b9\u6cd5 A: \u5728\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a (\u63a8\u8350\u7528\u4e8e\u56fa\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\u7801)\n@app.post(&quot;\/items\/&quot;, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)\ndef create_item(item: Item):\n    return item\n\n# \u65b9\u6cd5 B: \u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u52a8\u6001\u6307\u5b9a (\u63a8\u8350\u7528\u4e8e\u6761\u4ef6\u6027\u72b6\u6001\u7801)\nfrom fastapi.responses import JSONResponse\n\n@app.delete(&quot;\/items\/{item_id}&quot;)\ndef delete_item(item_id: int):\n    if not item_exists(item_id):\n        return JSONResponse(status_code=404, content={&quot;detail&quot;: &quot;Item not found&quot;})\n    return {&quot;message&quot;: &quot;Deleted&quot;}<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de Response \u5bf9\u8c61<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u975e JSON \u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5982 HTML\u3001XML\u3001\u56fe\u7247\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u5168\u63a7\u5236 Header\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de <code>Response<\/code> \u6216\u5176\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from fastapi.responses import PlainTextResponse, HTMLResponse\n\n@app.get(&quot;\/text&quot;, response_class=PlainTextResponse)\ndef get_text():\n    return &quot;Hello World&quot;  # \u8fd4\u56de\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f JSON \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\n\n@app.get(&quot;\/html&quot;, response_class=HTMLResponse)\ndef get_html():\n    return &quot;&lt;h1&gt;Hello HTML&lt;\/h1&gt;&quot;<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u54cd\u5e94\u5934 (Headers)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse\n\n@app.get(&quot;\/headers&quot;)\ndef get_headers():\n    content = {&quot;message&quot;: &quot;Hello&quot;}\n    headers = {&quot;X-Custom-Header&quot;: &quot;MyValue&quot;}\n    return JSONResponse(content=content, headers=headers)<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001 \u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u9677\u9631\uff1a\u5fd8\u8bb0\u5b89\u88c5 <code>python-multipart<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>Form<\/code> \u6216 <code>File<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e93\uff0cFastAPI \u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">pip install python-multipart<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u9677\u9631\uff1a<code>response_model<\/code> \u4e0e <code>return<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u867d\u7136 FastAPI \u5f88\u5bbd\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u597d\u786e\u4fdd <code>return<\/code> \u7684\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u591f\u88ab <code>response_model<\/code> \u89e3\u6790\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7f3a\u5c11 <code>response_model<\/code> \u4e2d\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u6216\u8fd4\u56de <code>null<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>HTTPException<\/code> \u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0d\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u8fd4\u56de 4xx\/5xx \u7684 JSONResponse\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u8ba9 FastAPI \u7edf\u4e00\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chp-code-block chp-theme-github-dark chp-wrap-on\" data-chp-language=\"plaintext\" data-chp-line-start=\"1\" data-chp-highlight=\"\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar\"><div class=\"chp-toolbar-left\"><span class=\"chp-dots\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"chp-language-label\">\u7eaf\u6587\u672c<\/span><\/div><div class=\"chp-toolbar-right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"chp-copy-btn\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><svg class=\"chp-icon-copy\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z\"\/><\/svg><svg class=\"chp-icon-check\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display:none;\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M9 16.17L4.83 12l-1.42 1.41L9 19 21 7l-1.41-1.41z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"chp-copy-text\">\u590d\u5236<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chp-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"chp-line-numbers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1<\/span><span>2<\/span><span>3<\/span><span>4<\/span><span>5<\/span><span>6<\/span><span>7<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>9<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>11<\/span><\/div><pre class=\"chp-pre\" style=\"font-size:14px;\"><code class=\"language-plaintext\">from fastapi import HTTPException, status\n\n@app.get(&quot;\/items\/{item_id}&quot;)\ndef get_item(item_id: int):\n    if item_id not in items_db:\n        raise HTTPException(\n            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,\n            detail=f&quot;Item {item_id} not found&quot;,\n            headers={&quot;X-Error&quot;: &quot;There goes my error&quot;}\n        )\n    return items_db[item_id]<\/code><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\uff1aSwagger UI \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1a\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4f7f\u7528 <code>APIRouter<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0d\u8981\u5728 <code>main.py<\/code> \u4e2d\u5199\u6240\u6709\u8def\u7531\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 <code>APIRouter<\/code> \u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u8def\u7531\u62c6\u5206\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301 <code>response_model<\/code> \u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001 \u603b\u7ed3\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u67e5\u8868<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u573a\u666f<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u63a8\u8350\u65b9\u5f0f<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u793a\u4f8b<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u83b7\u53d6 URL \u8def\u5f84\u53d8\u91cf<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>def func(id: int)<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u83b7\u53d6 URL \u95ee\u53f7\u540e\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>def func(q: str = None)<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u63a5\u6536 JSON \u6570\u636e<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Pydantic \u6a21\u578b<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>def func(item: Item)<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u63a5\u6536\u8868\u5355\/\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>Form<\/code> \/ <code>UploadFile<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>def func(file: UploadFile)<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u8fd4\u56de\u6807\u51c6 JSON<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de dict\/\u6a21\u578b<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>return {\"ok\": True}<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u8fc7\u6ee4\u654f\u611f\u5b57\u6bb5\/\u89c4\u8303\u8f93\u51fa<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>response_model<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>@app.get(..., response_model=UserOut)<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u8fd4\u56de\u975e JSON (HTML\/\u6587\u672c)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>response_class<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>response_class=HTMLResponse<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5904\u7406\u4e1a\u52a1\u9519\u8bef<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>HTTPException<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><code>raise HTTPException(404, ...)<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570 Web API \u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\u9700\u6c42\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u60f3\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3<strong>\u5982\u4f55\u9a8c\u8bc1\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5982\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f<strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5168\u5c40\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\uff08Global Exception Handlers\uff09<\/strong>\uff1f\u968f\u65f6\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728 FastAPI \u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08Request\uff09\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\uff08Res&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fastapi-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":119,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118\/revisions\/119"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.52runoob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}